Types of ilmenite flotation agents

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Titanium is one of the essential raw materials in the chemical industry, and titanium resources are mainly obtained from ilmenite. In the ore dressing operation, about 50% of titanium enters the iron concentrate, and the rest enters the tailings in the form of ilmenite. In order to ensure that the iron concentrate can be effectively recovered, the tailings need to be further finely ground, resulting in a large amount of -0.045mm particle size being directly discarded as ore mud, causing a waste of titanium resources. Therefore, recycling this type of titanium is an effective way to improve the comprehensive utilization of titanium.

For the recovery of fine-grained ilmenite ore dressing, flotation is often used as the main method. In the flotation process, how to efficiently and low-cost recover titanium, the selection of collectors is the key. Let's learn about the types of ilmenite flotation collectors commonly used in the beneficiation plant! At present, the commonly used titanium flotation collectors include fatty acid and soap collectors, phosphorus-containing collectors, arsenic-containing collectors and combined collectors, etc.

1. Fatty acid and soap collectors for titanium iron

The main fatty acid and soap collectors used for flotation of ilmenite are: oleic acid and its salts, oxidized paraffin soaps and tall oil.

Oleic acid and its salts:Oleic acid and its salts are commonly used collectors for oxidized ores. During the flotation process, the carboxyl group is fixed on the surface of the oxidized ore by adsorption, combination or formation of complexes, while the non-polar group is outward, making the ore particles hydrophobic and playing a collecting role. Oleic acid does not contain only one component, but is a mixed acid, including oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, etc.

Oxidized paraffin soap: It is a hydrocarbon obtained by processing and refining petroleum wax as a raw material, and is a product with a higher melting point. The molecular weight of petroleum wax depends on its melting point. The wax used to produce oxidized paraffin soap usually has a melting point of 40-50℃. In addition to its small molecular weight, it may also contain certain branched alkanes and unsaturated hydrocarbons. The collector is fatty acid or hydrocarbon acid.

Tar oil: is a byproduct of pine pulping. Its main components are sodium fatty acid salt and sodium rosinate salt. Tar oil is the acidification product of tar soap. Both can be used as flotation agents. The collector is sodium fatty acid and oxidized sodium rosinate.

2. Phosphorus-containing collectors for ferrotitanium

Phosphoric acid collectors used in ilmenite flotation are mainly styrenephosphonic acid and bisphosphonic acid collectors. Among them, styrenephosphonic acid is a metal extractant for extracting and separating metals from aqueous solutions containing metal salts by solvent extraction. Its melting point is a colorless and transparent liquid in aqueous solution; bisphosphonic acid type is a kind of oligomeric phosphoric acid compound similar to natural pyrophosphate characterized by P-C-P bond.

3. Arsenic-containing collector for ferrotitanium

The arsenic-containing collector available for ferrotitanium flotation is mainly benzyl arsenic acid, which has good selectivity for ferrotitanium collection. When only pH adjuster is added, a higher grade of ferrotitanium concentrate can be obtained. Benzyl arsenic acid is used to float ilmenite, and benzyl arsenic acid iron and benzyl arsenic acid titanium are formed on the surface of ilmenite. The adsorption form is chemical adsorption, and there is also benzyl arsenic acid in the form of physical adsorption. However, benzyl arsenic acid has certain toxicity, so its application is subject to certain restrictions.

4. Combined collector for ilmenite

As the properties of the optional ilmenite are becoming more and more complex, a single collector can no longer meet the current flotation needs. Therefore, scientific researchers have invested a lot of energy and developed some combined collectors, such as MOS combined collector, R-2 combined collector, ROB combined collector, H717 combined collector, RST combined collector, XT combined collector and F968 combined collector.

MOS Combined Collector:It is a mixture of three organic slurry solutions in a certain proportion. The three molecules contain elements such as C, H, and O, and hydrocarbon groups with double bonds and conjugated double bonds. Their functional groups can form insoluble salts or chelates with metal ions on the surface of ilmenite and adsorb on the surface of ilmenite. The hydrocarbon group is hydrophobic, so it has a collecting effect on ilmenite.

R-2 Combined Collector:It has good selectivity, strong collecting ability, excellent performance-price ratio, non-toxicity and no side effects, and overcomes the shortcomings of ordinary fatty acid collectors, such as poor selectivity, poor collecting effect, and high drug consumption.

ROB combined collector:Using petrochemical products mixed with organic acids as the main raw materials, it is an anionic collector containing polar groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, which is prepared through pretreatment, reaction, refining and emulsification. It has a simple production process and stable efficacy.

H717 combined collector:Strong collection ability and good selectivity.

RST combined collector:Using tar oil as the basic raw material, the product obtained after a moderate oxidation reaction is mixed with a certain proportion of additives, and it has strong collection ability, good selectivity and low cost.

XT combined collector:Three agents were selected for combination, among which agent A has strong collection ability and certain selectivity; agent B has good selectivity, but poor collection ability; agent C has good selectivity and collection ability, and has the effect of resisting drug removal during selection.

F968 combined collector: It has good selectivity, strong collection performance, and relatively ideal titanium selection technical indicators. The agent is non-toxic, harmless, and has no pollution to the environment. Its tailings water can be discharged after natural sedimentation of solids.

The above is an introduction to the types and characteristics of collectors commonly used in ilmenite flotation. In actual ore dressing plants, how to choose ilmenite collectors needs to be determined based on the properties of ilmenite ore and the impurities it contains. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct ore dressing test analysis first, and design a suitable ilmenite flotation process flow, suitable ilmenite flotation collector type and dosage according to the situation. At the same time, a complete set of ilmenite beneficiation equipment can also be customized according to the process flow.