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Click to add WeChatSiderite is a carbonate mineral with the chemical formula FeCO₃. Siderite is usually gray, light yellow or brown, with a glassy luster. It is a weakly magnetic mineral and often coexists with other minerals. The ore structure is complex and the iron content is unstable. In terms of beneficiation methods, due to the difference in the ore properties of siderite, its beneficiation process is also different, and the siderite beneficiation equipment is also different. Let's take a look at what are the commonly used equipment for siderite beneficiation?
According to its principle process, siderite beneficiation equipment mainly includes crushing equipment, grinding equipment, separation equipment, etc.
The crushing stage mainly includes crushing and screening, which is to crush the large pieces of ore after mining to a certain particle size to facilitate subsequent sorting. The processes commonly used in this stage are one closed circuit process or two open circuit processes. Commonly used equipment is mainly jaw crusher, cone crusher and vibrating screen.
Jaw crusher: Suitable for coarse crushing operations, can handle larger sized ores. It has the characteristics of simple structure, reliable operation and convenient maintenance. It crushes large pieces of ore into smaller particles through the squeezing action of the moving jaw plate and the static jaw plate.
Cone crusher:Used for medium and fine crushing operations. It can handle ores with higher hardness and has the advantages of large production capacity, high crushing efficiency, and uniform product particle size. It uses the rotating motion of the cone and the squeezing and grinding action between the ores for crushing.
Vibrating screen:It can classify ore particles according to their size. It is suitable for screening ores of various particle sizes and has the characteristics of high screening efficiency, large processing capacity, and simple structure. The exciting force generated by the vibration motor causes the screen surface to vibrate, thereby separating ores of different particle sizes.
The grinding stage is divided into two parts: grinding and classification. It is a process of further fine grinding after crushing to fully meet the optional particle size requirements. Generally, one-stage grinding or two-stage grinding processes are commonly used. The material is first ground by a ball mill and then fed into a classifier for particle size classification. Qualified materials enter the next stage, and unqualified materials return to the ball mill for re-grinding. The equipment required for this stage mainly includes grid ball mill, overflow ball mill, rod mill, hydrocyclone and spiral classifier, etc.
Grid-type ball mill: Mainly used for coarse grinding of siderite and other ores, further grinding the crushed ore to provide materials of suitable particle size for subsequent mineral processing. It is suitable for processing ores with medium hardness and below, and is more suitable for relatively low hardness minerals such as siderite. It can process a large amount of materials.
Overflow ball mill: Used for fine grinding of siderite to make the ore particle size finer, so as to improve the monomer dissociation degree of the mineral and create better conditions for subsequent mineral processing and separation. It is also suitable for ores with medium hardness and below, and performs well in fine grinding of siderite. The processing capacity may be slightly smaller than that of the grid ball mill.
Rod mill: In the beneficiation of siderite, the rod mill is mainly used for coarse grinding or open-circuit grinding of ore, which plays a role in preliminary crushing of ore and adjusting particle size distribution. It is suitable for processing ores with higher hardness, and has a certain processing capacity for some impurity minerals with slightly higher hardness that may exist in siderite. The general processing capacity is slightly smaller than that of the ball mill.
Hydrocyclone: It is mainly used to classify the slurry after grinding, separate mineral particles of different particle sizes, realize the classification of coarse and fine particles, and provide materials of different particle sizes for subsequent beneficiation operations. It is suitable for processing slurries of various particle sizes, and has a good effect on the classification of slurry after grinding of siderite. It can handle slurry with a large flow rate.
Spiral classifier:It is also used to classify the ore pulp after grinding, separate the coarse particles from the fine particles, and ensure that the ore pulp particle size entering the subsequent beneficiation operation meets the requirements. It is suitable for processing medium-sized ore pulp and is widely used in siderite beneficiation. The processing capacity varies according to different models.
The separation stage is the process of separating the useful siderite from other gangue or impurity minerals through physical and chemical means to obtain siderite concentrate. The methods required for this link include gravity separation, flotation and magnetic separation, and the required equipment is gravity separation equipment, magnetic separation equipment and flotation equipment.
Gravity separation equipment:Gravity separation is a beneficiation method that uses the density difference between siderite and gangue minerals to achieve separation under the action of gravity, centrifugal force, etc. The required equipment includes shaking table, spiral chute, etc. The former is suitable for processing fine-grained ores and has a better separation effect on minerals with large density differences; the latter mainly processes coarse, medium and fine-grained ores, with a simple structure, small footprint and large processing capacity.
Magnetic Separation Equipment:Magnetic separation is a method of separation by using the difference between the weak magnetic properties of siderite and the magnetic properties of gangue minerals, through weak magnetic separators or strong magnetic separators and other equipment under the action of a magnetic field. Common equipment includes weak magnetic separators and strong magnetic separators. The former is mostly used to select weakly magnetic minerals, such as siderite. It has a better separation effect on ores with a high iron content. It has the characteristics of low magnetic field intensity and large processing capacity. By utilizing the magnetic difference of minerals, magnetic minerals are adsorbed in the magnetic field and non-magnetic minerals are discharged to achieve separation; the latter is mostly suitable for the separation of weakly magnetic minerals, especially for fine-grained siderite. It has the characteristics of high magnetic field strength, high separation accuracy and strong adaptability. Through the action of a strong magnetic field, weakly magnetic minerals are separated from gangue minerals.
Flotation Equipment:Flotation is a method of separation by adding flotation agents to the slurry to make the surface of siderite hydrophobic, float under the action of bubbles, and separate it from gangue minerals. Commonly used equipment is mainly flotation machine> and auxiliary equipment stirring tank. According to the different stirring devices, there are two types of flotation machines: aerated stirring flotation machines and mechanical stirring flotation machines. Aerated stirring flotation machines cannot be self-inflated and need to rely on mechanical stirrers to stir the slurry and blowers to inflate. There are XCF type, KYF type and XCF-KYF combination type. Mechanical stirring flotation machines can self-absorb air and slurry without external aeration devices. There are SF type, JJF type and BF type.
The above is an introduction to the equipment commonly used in siderite beneficiation plants. In actual beneficiation plants, the selection of equipment depends on the beneficiation process. Therefore, a beneficiation test is carried out first, and a suitable siderite beneficiation process is designed through experimental analysis. At the same time, a set of siderite beneficiation equipment is customized according to the process flow.
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