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Click to add WeChatClear waters and lush mountains are the most valuable assets This is an important concept for the sustainable development of Woguo Mine. During the ore sorting process, it will have a great impact on the original mine and the surrounding environment. For example, iron ore, as we all know, has large resource reserves and large output. After mining, the goaf area of the original mine is prone to collapse; the tailings after mineral processing have large output, occupy a large area, and are prone to dam collapse. These are all irreversible hazards.
But during the development process, the tailings are recyclable. At present, there are three main methods for iron tailings treatment in my country: one is to re-select and recycle valuable iron tailings; the other is to dry discharge the tailings and screen out useful factors to make construction materials; the third is to use iron Tailings fill the goaf.
The amount of iron tailings in my country currently exceeds 100 million tons, and some of the iron tailings have a grade higher than 11%. For this type of iron ore, The tailings are re-selected and recycled to make use of iron ore resources. At present, the existing iron tailings re-selection methods mainly include magnetic separation, gravity separation, flotation and combined mineral separation. Several kinds.
Magnetic separation of iron tailings:Re-selection of iron tailings generally requires2-3 Sub-strong magnetic separationto obtain iron concentrate or ilmenite concentrate;
Iron tailings gravity separation method:Usually a spiral chute is used for pre-throwing. , and then use a combination of shaker or centrifuge + strong magnetic separator for separation;
Iron tailings flotation method: Flotation is achieved through chemicals and mechanical adjustment According to the different properties of iron ore, there are several methods: Anion positive flotation, Anion reverse flotation and Cation reverse flotation;
Iron tailings combined beneficiation method:When the separation power of a single method is low or the cost is too high, a combined process can be considered to re-separate the iron tailings. Commonly used combined process methods include gravity separation-magnetic separation-flotation combined process and magnetic separation-flotation combined process.
The main discharge methods of iron tailings are wet discharge and dry discharge Of the two methods, the former discharge method is more traditional, has high requirements for tailings ponds, and poses greater safety risks; dry discharge uses a variety of different combinations of concentration and dehydration equipment to dehydrate the tailings to a water content of After certain requirements, the method is to discharge the tailings into the tailings pond. This method can not only reduce the usage area of the tailings pond, but also reduce the hazards of the tailings to the greatest extent.
Tailings dry discharge is the A tailings dry stack treatment method developed by the company, which mainly consists of slurry pump, hydrocyclone, High-efficiency transformation of concentrator, high-frequency and high-efficiency dehydration screen, chamber filter press and slurry conveying device. The poor process is: the tailings are transported to the hydrocyclone through the slurry pump for concentration and classification. The sand settled in the hydrocyclone enters the high-frequency and high-efficiency dehydration screen for dehydration treatment, and the overflow enters the high-efficiency modified concentrator for concentration treatment. . The coarse tailings processed by high-frequency and high-efficiency dewatering screens are transported to the material yard for storage by belt conveyors. Among them, the tailings that have been concentrated by the high-efficiency modified thickener are transported to the chamber filter press by a slurry pump for filtration treatment. The filter cake of the filter press is unloaded onto the belt conveyor, and the fine-grained tailings are transported to Stockyard storage.
Tailings backfilling is an important technological solution developed in recent years. It restores the ecological environment of the original mining area by backfilling the mined-out areas. In addition, if the local mountainous terrain is not suitable for establishing a tailings reservoir, using tailings to backfill the goaf is an even more cost-effective solution. Currently, the available backfilling methods for goaf areas include the full tailings cemented filling method and the high water consolidated full tailings filling method.
Full tailings cemented filling method:It is to combine dehydrated iron tailings with cement , fly ash, etc. are mixed to form filling aggregate, and the filling slurry is sent to the mining and filling area by pipe gravity for filling;
High water consolidation full tailings filling method: The method is to slurry and transport material A mainly composed of aluminate and sulfoaluminate and material B mainly composed of anhydrite, quicklime and coagulant, mix them before filling, and then use pipeline self-flow to fill the material. The slurry is sent to the mining and charging area.
In addition, filling the goaf with iron tailings has the advantage of helping to restore the mine. Trace elements such as Zn, Mn, Cu, Mo, and V contained in iron tailings are essential elements for maintaining plant growth and development.
In short, processing iron tailings to achieve comprehensive recovery and utilization can not only make fuller use of mineral resources, improve mine recovery rates, prevent pollution from the source and protect the ecology; it can also integrate resources Carry out innovation to benefit human society and achieve the effective unity of resource benefits, economic benefits, social benefits and environmental benefits.
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