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Click to add WeChatQuartz is mainly composed of silicon dioxide. In nature, quartz often contains a variety of impurity elements, which will affect the physical and chemical properties of quartz, and thus affect its application value. In order to improve the purity of quartz, it is necessary to purify it through mineral processing. The commonly used method is mainly based on flotation position. During the flotation process, the efficiency is closely related to the mineral processing reagents. This article will mainly introduce what are the reagents used in quartz flotation?
Oleic acid: Oleic acid is a common fatty acid collector. Under alkaline conditions (pH value is generally 8-10), oleic acid will ionize, and the generated oleate ions (C₁₇H₃₃COO⁻) can be adsorbed on the quartz surface. The adsorption mechanism may be that the oleate ions chemically adsorb with the active sites on the quartz surface, making the quartz surface hydrophobic. Oleic acid is widely available and relatively cheap, and has certain applications in quartz flotation. However, the selectivity of oleic acid is not particularly high and is easily affected by other ions in the pulp (such as Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, etc.). When these metal ions are present in the pulp, they may react with oleate ions to form precipitates, such as calcium oleate (Ca (C₁₇H₃₃COO)₂) or magnesium oleate (Mg (C₁₇H₃₃COO)₂), which will reduce the collection effect of oleic acid and cause the flotation recovery rate of quartz to decrease.
Tal oil: Tal oil is a by-product of the paper industry, and its main components include fatty acids and resin acids. The fatty acid component in tall oil can play a collecting role in the flotation of quartz. Tal oil has a certain collection ability for quartz, and it may have better selectivity than oleic acid in some cases. This is because the resin acid and other components in the tall oil may form a special adsorption structure with the quartz surface, which can reduce the interference of other minerals to a certain extent when processing quartz ores containing complex mineral components. However, the composition of tall oil is relatively complex, and its collection effect may vary from batch to batch, requiring appropriate adjustment and optimization during use.
Dodecylamine: Dodecylamine is a typical cationic collector. Under acidic conditions (pH value is generally 2-4), dodecylamine exists in the form of cations (C₁₂H₂₅NH₃⁺) and can be adsorbed on the quartz surface. The adsorption process may be achieved through electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding, making the quartz surface hydrophobic and then carried up by bubbles. Dodecylamine has a strong collection ability for quartz and a good flotation effect. However, dodecylamine is relatively toxic and has certain environmental hazards, and the pH value of the slurry needs to be strictly controlled during use. If the pH value is too high, dodecylamine will be converted into a molecular form and lose its cationic properties, so it cannot be effectively adsorbed on the quartz surface for collection; if the pH value is too low, it may cause the slurry to be too acidic, corrode the equipment, and may also affect the performance of other flotation agents.
Pine oil, also known as 2# flotation oil, can produce a large number of stable bubbles in the slurry. The main component of pine oil is terpene alcohol, which reduces the surface tension of water and allows air to form bubbles in the ore pulp. These bubbles help to attach to the hydrophobic quartz particles after the collector acts, so that the quartz particles can float smoothly to the surface of the ore pulp to form a foam layer, thereby achieving separation from the gangue minerals. Pine oil has strong foaming ability and moderate foam stability. Its dosage generally needs to be adjusted according to the properties of the ore pulp and the requirements of the flotation process. The usual dosage is 20-100g/t ore.
Sodium hydroxide: When using fatty acid collectors to float quartz, sodium hydroxide is often used to adjust the pH value of the slurry to alkaline. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) ionizes in water to produce hydroxide ions (OH⁻), which can neutralize the acidic substances in the slurry and provide a suitable working environment for fatty acid collectors. When the pH value is in the alkaline range, fatty acid collectors can fully ionize and adsorb on the quartz surface.
Sulfuric acid: When amine collectors are used to float quartz, sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) can be used to adjust the pH value of the pulp to the acidic range. Sulfuric acid ionizes in water to produce hydrogen ions (H⁺), making the pulp acidic. Under acidic conditions, amine collectors exist in the form of cations to ensure their collection effect on quartz.
Water glass: Sodium silicate (Na₂SiO₃) can inhibit certain gangue minerals (such as aluminosilicate minerals, etc.) during the flotation of quartz. The inhibitory mechanism of water glass is relatively complex. It is generally believed that it can form hydrophilic silicate colloids on the surface of gangue minerals. These silicate colloids cover the surface of gangue minerals by physical adsorption or chemical adsorption, preventing the adsorption of collectors on the surface of these minerals, thereby improving the selectivity of quartz flotation.
Sodium hexametaphosphate: During the flotation process of quartz, sodium hexametaphosphate ((NaPO₃)₆) can react with multivalent metal ions in the pulp to form a stable complex.
The above are the types of reagents commonly used in quartz flotation operations. In actual ore dressing plants, how to choose reagents and how much to use depends on the quartz ore processing volume and mineral type. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct ore dressing tests first, and through research and analysis, determine the appropriate flotation process and give a reasonable drug use system to improve the flotation efficiency of quartz.
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