Graphite beneficiation process and equipment

15311826613

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As a crystalline carbonaceous mineral, graphite is widely used in machinery, metallurgy, petrochemical industry, light industry, electronics, electrical appliances, national defense, military industry and aerospace. With the continuous expansion of graphite applications, its beneficiation technology and equipment have also made significant progress. Graphite beneficiation process mainly includes three core stages: crushing, grinding and separation. Each stage will use corresponding equipment according to the specific type and properties of graphite ore.

Graphite ore crushing stage process and equipment

Graphite ore is usually of moderate hardness or medium hard and soft, making the crushing process design of the beneficiation plant relatively simple. For graphite ore with an original ore grade of 2% to 10%, you can choose a three-stage open circuit, two-stage open circuit or one-stage open circuit crushing process, and there are also new beneficiation plants that use a three-stage one-closed circuit crushing process. For small graphite ores with a high degree of weathering, grinding can be carried out directly without crushing.

In the selection of crushing equipment, jaw crusher is often used as a coarse crushing equipment for graphite ore due to its high production capacity, large crushing ratio and high crushing efficiency. It can effectively reduce the particle size of graphite ore and lay the foundation for subsequent grinding operations. The second and third stage crushing mostly use cone crusher for medium and fine crushing to further refine the graphite ore to meet the requirements of the subsequent grinding process. After crushing, a circular vibrating screen is usually used for fine screening to ensure that graphite ores of different particle sizes are effectively separated.

Graphite Grinding Stage Process and Equipment

As graphite has a flake structure, it is necessary to ensure that the graphite concentrate has as many large flakes as possible during the grinding stage to increase the large flake rate of the concentrate. In this stage, the shape of the grinding media and the type of mill have a great influence on the large flake rate of the graphite concentrate. Commonly used grinding equipment includes rod mill and vertical stirred mill.

The rod mill uses the full length of the steel rod to grind the material, with uniform force, uniform product particle size, less over-crushing, and helps to maintain the integrity of large flakes. The vertical stirred mill is a device specially developed for the characteristics of graphite ore, with the combined advantages of tower mills, flaking machines and sand mills. The graphite vertical mill can effectively grind the material to 10 microns or finer, with low energy consumption, which can save more than 50% energy compared with ordinary horizontal ball mills. The product particle size of this equipment is adjustable, and it can be produced intermittently, cyclically, and continuously; it runs smoothly and reliably, with low vibration and noise below 85 decibels; it has a simple structure, is easy to operate and maintain, occupies a small area, and has low infrastructure investment.

Graphite selection process and equipment

According to the characteristics of graphite ore, flotation is the main selection method for crystalline graphite. Graphite ore itself has good floatability, so flotation can effectively recover graphite. Commonly used equipment in the flotation process includes mechanical stirring flotation machine and aeration stirring flotation machine.

The mechanical stirring flotation machine generates bubbles and stirs the slurry through the impeller and stator. This type of equipment can be self-aspirated, that is, air is sucked near the mechanical stirring device at the bottom of the flotation tank. Common mechanical agitation flotation machines include SF, JJF and BF. The impeller of the BF flotation machine is composed of a closed double truncated cone, which can produce strong pulp circulation, with the characteristics of large air suction and low power consumption. Each flotation cell has the triple functions of air suction, pulp suction and flotation, forming a flotation circuit, without any auxiliary equipment, horizontal configuration, and easy process adjustment. The pneumatic flotation machine is a high-efficiency flotation equipment that mainly relies on an external air compressor to provide air. Common pneumatic flotation machines include KYF, XCF, GF and CLF coarse-grained flotation machine. The CLF flotation machine is suitable for processing materials with high pulp density and high concentration, and can effectively improve the recovery rate of coarse and heavy graphite ore. The KYF and XCF types are suitable for the flotation of fine-grained graphite ores, without the need for a foam pump, with simple configuration and saving infrastructure costs.

In actual ore dressing plants, the selection of graphite ore dressing process and graphite ore production line equipment should be based on the properties of graphite ore. First, conduct ore dressing tests, analyze the tests, and then design suitable graphite ore dressing processes and complete sets of graphite ore dressing equipment according to actual conditions, so as to obtain more ideal graphite concentrate.