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Click to add WeChatMany types of copper ores in the world contain molybdenum. Although the content of molybdenum is very low (0.01%-0.1%), the comprehensive recovery economic value is very high, of which about 20% of molybdenum is recovered from copper-molybdenum ore. At present, the commonly used method for separating copper and molybdenum ore is flotation, and there are three processes, namely, priority flotation, mixed flotation and equal flotation.
The mixed concentrate obtained by mixed flotation is then separated and processed. How to separate the copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate? It is necessary to pre-treat the copper-molybdenum concentrate first, and then separate the copper-molybdenum concentrate to obtain the ideal copper and molybdenum concentrate.
The pretreatment methods of copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate can be mechanical method, desorption method, heating method and plasma pretreatment method, among which the first three are more widely used.
The mechanical pretreatment method is to first concentrate the copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate, discard the concentrated overflow, add clean water to the bottom flow, and then float or re-grind and select. For example: After a copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate is densely dehydrated, the bottom flow is filtered and removed by a ceramic filter, and then the copper-molybdenum flotation separation process is carried out. Finally, the copper grade was 20.93% and the copper concentrate recovery rate was about 88%; the molybdenum grade was 46.31% and the molybdenum concentrate recovery rate was 46%.
The copper-molybdenum desorption pretreatment method is to use chemical agents such as sodium sulfide to desorb the collector film on the surface of the mineral, or add activated carbon to adsorb and remove the drug. For example: a copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate was first de-doped with sodium sulfide, and then closed-circuit operation was performed, and finally the molybdenum grade was 48.49% and the molybdenum concentrate recovery rate was 86.95%; the copper grade was 32.23% and the concentrate recovery rate was 95.19%.
Copper-molybdenum heating pretreatment is a method of destroying the collector film on the surface of the mineral by heating, and then adding water to dilute and separate. Usually, potassium permanganate oxidation dedoping, activated carbon adsorption dedoping or heating dedoping can be used, among which heating dedoping has a better effect. For example: A copper-molybdenum mine used the heating method during the pretreatment operation, and finally obtained a copper grade of 33.16% and a copper concentrate recovery rate of 90.52%; a molybdenum grade of 40.53%, and a molybdenum rough concentrate recovery rate of 86.25%.
Plasma pretreatment is to first treat the mineral with plasma and then wash it with water with pH=9 filled with oxygen. In this method, only the recovery rate of molybdenite will increase after washing. When the contact angle and adhesion of molybdenite after washing increase, while the opposite is true for chalcopyrite, but after the copper-molybdenum mixed ore is treated with plasma, both molybdenite and chalcopyrite are suppressed. At this time, the problem of molybdenite being suppressed can be improved by adding emulsified kerosene.
At present, there are two main methods for flotation separation of copper-molybdenum mixed rough concentrate, one is to float copper to suppress molybdenum; the other is to float molybdenum to suppress copper.
Floating copper suppresses molybdenum can remove talc and some minerals with natural floatability, improve the flotation index of molybdenite, and use ethyl xanthate as a collector of copper sulfide and dextrin as a suppressant of molybdenite to separate copper and molybdenum; molybdenite can also be recycled as a by-product. The main process is to grind chalcocite with lime and then classify it. The collectors of chalcocite are ethyl xanthate and black medicine. After flotation overflow concentration, dextrin is added to suppress molybdenite for copper and molybdenum separation. The obtained copper concentrate is filtered, and the tailings are then processed to obtain molybdenum concentrate.
However, this method has high infrastructure costs, complex process operations, large reagent consumption, and hydrocarbon oil collectors cannot be used when copper and molybdenum are mixed and floated.
Molybdenite has natural floatability, and suppressed molybdenite is difficult to activate. Therefore, the method of floating molybdenum to suppress copper is often used to achieve the separation of mixed concentrates. There are mainly inorganic depressants (sodium sulfide, cyanide, Knox, etc.) and organic depressants (sodium thioglycolate) to suppress the flotation of copper sulfide ores and molybdenite flotation methods.
In addition, some scholars have developed electrochemical controlled flotation and nitrogen-filled flotation methods to achieve the separation of mixed copper-molybdenum concentrates.
Potential controlled flotation: During the flotation process, in addition to chemical reactions on the surface of sulfide ores, collectors and oxidants will also undergo redox reactions on their surfaces, producing electrochemical reactions. However, this concentrate separation method requires strict control of two types of anodic oxidation reactions: one is the oxidative decomposition of MX (M represents metal, x represents xanthate collector ions); the other is the decomposition of MX by inhibitors.
Nitrogen-filled flotation: Most inhibitors of copper sulfide ores are reducing agents, such as sodium sulfide, sodium hydrosulfide, Knox reagent, thioglycolic acid, etc., which will dissociate into HS- or S2- and react with oxygen, which will increase the consumption of reagents. However, using nitrogen instead of air as a bubble medium can prevent the oxidation of inhibitors, reduce reagent consumption, and improve economic benefits.
The above is an introduction to several commonly used methods for copper-molybdenum ore separation. In actual ore dressing plants, if you want to effectively obtain copper and molybdenum concentrates, you need to conduct ore dressing experimental analysis, and design a suitable copper-molybdenum ore dressing process plan through analysis to obtain a more ideal copper and molybdenum concentrate grade. At the same time, a complete set of copper-molybdenum ore dressing equipment can also be customized according to the process plan.
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