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Click to add WeChatTungsten ore is an important strategic mineral resource. Its high hardness and high temperature resistance make it widely used in steel, electronics, aerospace and other fields. In the process of tungsten ore beneficiation, gravity separation is the main process method, which separates the valuable metals and non-valuable minerals in tungsten ore by physical means. Let's learn about tungsten ore gravity separation, including gravity separation methods, gravity separation processes and common tungsten gravity separation equipment!
Tungsten ore gravity separation mainly uses the density difference between tungsten ore and gangue minerals and other minerals to achieve the separation process using the gravity field. The gravity separation process is simple, low-cost, easy to operate and has good environmental protection effects. It is an important beneficiation method for coarse-grained tungsten ore. According to the different particle sizes of tungsten ore, there are several methods such as shaking table gravity separation, jigging gravity separation and spiral process gravity separation.
Shaking Table Gravity Selection:Using the crawler-type working surface covered on the surface of the shaking table, minerals of different particle sizes are washed by water flow on the inclined shaking table, and the heavier tungsten ore is deposited near the bed surface, while the light ore is carried away by the water flow. It is mostly used for the selection of fine-grained minerals and improving the grade of tungsten minerals. Generally, the tailings after fine-grained jigging are graded by a hydraulic classifier and then fed into the shaking table for sorting to obtain fine-grained tungsten concentrate.
Jigging Gravity Selection:It uses the up and down floating water flow to stratify the minerals and separate the tungsten ore through the ore bed layer formed in the jigging chamber. It is mostly suitable for the selection (or preliminary reselection) of tungsten ores with coarse embedded particle size. Three-stage jigging is often used, that is, the qualified ore particles after crushing are passed through three-stage vibrating screens to screen the materials into three particle sizes of coarse, medium and fine, and then enter the jigging machine for selection. This method has a large processing capacity and high sorting efficiency.
Spiral process reselection: It is a method of separation based on gravity and centrifugal force. The slurry spirally slides down through the chute, and the tungsten minerals with higher density enter the central trough belt in a downward form, while the waste rock with lower density flows out with the periphery of the slurry to complete the separation between minerals. It is mostly used to improve the recovery of fine-grained minerals.
Gravity separation is one of the commonly used process methods in tungsten ore dressing plants. The purpose of gravity separation varies according to the properties and particle size of tungsten ore. Generally, for coarse-grained and easy-to-select wolframite, qualified concentrate can be obtained directly through gravity separation. For fine-grained wolframite, direct gravity separation usually has a low recovery rate and needs to be combined with flotation or other mineral processing methods to obtain a more ideal recovery rate. For scheelite or fine mud tungsten ore, gravity separation is mostly used as a means of desludging or impurity removal.
Mainly based on black tungsten or black tungsten ores, the general beneficiation process steps are: crushing and discarding waste in advance to obtain qualified ore; re-selection discarding tailings to obtain coarse concentrate; separation and comprehensive recovery of coarse concentrate to obtain final concentrate; fine mud treatment.
The principle process of tungsten ore re-selection: generally one to two stages of grinding, three-stage jigging, four to five-stage shaking table, and fine mud centralized treatment to obtain coarse concentrate, discard a large amount of tailings; coarse and medium-sized jigging tailings are put into rod mills for re-grinding, and the grinding products are returned to the double-layer vibrating screen, forming a closed loop. The shaking table generally adopts two separations, the coarse and medium-grained shaking table ore returns to the circulation loop, and the ore mud is treated separately.
As the above gravity separation process belongs to, the common tungsten ore gravity separation equipment mainly includes shaking table, jig, spiral chute, etc.
Tungsten ore jig: Commonly used are down-moving cone jig, Jishan-I jig (suitable for medium and fine materials), Jishan-II jig (suitable for re-selection of various particle sizes), single-chamber up-moving dynamic screen diaphragm jig (suitable for selecting coarse particles 4.5-10mm, medium particles 1.5-4.5mm qualified ore), side-moving diaphragm jig (suitable for re-grinding and re-selection of medium ore or hydraulic classification.)
Tungsten ore shaker: Commonly used are 6-s shaker (eccentric connecting rod type), Yunxi shaker (cam lever type), spring shaker, etc.
Tungsten Ore Spiral Chute: Commonly used equipment is BLL spiral chute, including single spiral chute and double spiral chute.
The above is an introduction to the tungsten ore gravity selection method, process, and equipment. In the actual ore dressing process, whether it is direct ore dressing by gravity selection or used in conjunction with other processes, it must be determined according to the properties of tungsten ore. In order to obtain a more ideal tungsten concentrate, it is recommended to conduct ore dressing tests. Through experimental analysis, suitable tungsten ore gravity selection or tungsten gravity selection combined process flow can be designed. At the same time, reasonable tungsten gravity selection equipment types and models can be given according to the process flow.
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