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Click to add WeChatFlotation is one of the main processes for gold separation. For some gold ores with fine particles and good floatability, sulfide minerals and quartz vein-containing ore-type gold minerals, flotation methods can be used. In addition, for polymetallic Gold-containing sulfide ore and graphite-containing gold ore can also be extracted by flotation. In the flotation gold extraction process, the conventional process mainly includes crushing, grinding, separation and dehydration. Let’s find out together below.
The effective recovery of gold mainly depends on the mineral properties of gold and the particle size distribution of gold. Therefore, the crushing and grinding process is very important. The raw ore enters the crusher for crushing and then enters the vibrating screen for screening. The upper layer products are crushed together with the middle layer products after the second crushing. The twice crushed products are then screened. After screening, the qualified minerals enter the ball mill for grinding.
The screened products enter the ball mill for primary grinding, and form a closed-circuit grinding with the classifier. After classification, the ground products enter The second stage ball mill grinds again, and then forms a closed circuit grinding with the cyclone. For gold sulfide minerals with good floatability, grinding them to 60~80%-75μm can achieve monomer dissociation.
The gold ore flotation process is based on gold mineral particles The different physical and chemical properties of the surface are different, and then selected according to the difference in floatability. Common process flows include a single flotation process, a flotation-gravity separation process, a flotation-concentrate cyanidation process, and a flotation-roasting- Cyanide process, etc.
Single flotation is to first flotate gold into copper and lead concentrates, and then extract gold from these concentrates, so the raw ore It is a relatively economical and reasonable process for gold ores containing ferrous metals. Single flotation can not only concentrate gold into sulfide minerals as much as possible, but also achieve comprehensive utilization of multiple metals. However, the final gold product cannot be obtained, and it often forms a combined process with other mineral processing methods.
This process is obtained by flotation separation of raw ore The sulfide part in flotation concentrates and flotation tailings often exists in the form of contiguous bodies with gangue. In addition to submicroscopic fine particles wrapped in sulfide, gold often exists as coarse-grained and fine-grained single gold. The contiguity of coarse-grained sulfide and gangue and coarse-grained natural gold in tailings are difficult to recover through flotation, so part of the gold can be better recovered through gravity separation.
This process Generally, xanthate is used as collector, pine alcohol oil is used as foaming agent, and weakly alkaline pulp is flotated in a flotation machine to obtain gold concentrate. The flotation concentrate is then subjected to cyanide leaching, the gold is dissolved by cyanide, the complex enters the solution, and then zinc powder is used to replace it to obtain gold mud. Finally, the gold mud is pyrometallurgically smelted to obtain pure gold.
For flotation concentrates containing high arsenic and sulfur content After flotation of cyanide tailings, sulfur, iron, arsenic and other impurities are enriched into the concentrate to become a high-sulfur and high-arsenic concentrate that is difficult to select. When direct cyanide leaching is not possible, flotation gold concentrate can be used The ore is first oxidized and roasted to remove arsenic and sulfur, so that the roasted sand has a loose structure, which is more conducive to the leaching of gold and silver.
General gold mine dehydration operations include concentrate dehydration and tailings dehydration. Concentrate dehydration needs to be judged according to the process used in concentrate operation. The process mostly uses concentration + filtration dehydration process. For tailings dehydration, a suitable dehydration process is customized according to the properties of the tailings slurry.
The above is the content of the conventional gold ore flotation process, which mainly introduces the crushing and grinding processes and various suitable flotation processes. In actual mineral processing plants, not all gold ores are suitable for the flotation process. In order to select gold ores more reasonably, it is recommended to conduct a mineral processing test for test analysis, and customize a suitable gold ore beneficiation process through scientific and reasonable test reports.
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