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Click to add WeChatThere are also many types of manganese deposits, mainly including: sedimentary type, volcanic sedimentary type, sedimentary metamorphic type, hydrothermal type, weathered type and submarine nodule-crust type. The more common types of mineral deposits include the following:
Marine sedimentary manganese deposits are the most important type of manganese deposits. The output layers include: Mesoproterozoic Changcheng System Gaozhuang Formation and Jixian System Tieling Formation, Neoproterozoic Sinian System Lower System Nantuo Formation (Datang Formation, Xiangmangan Formation), Upper System Doushantuo Formation , the Modaoxi Formation and Wufeng Formation of the upper Ordovician System, the Liujiang Formation and Wuzhishan Formation of the Upper Devonian System, the Akshake Formation and the Huanglong Group of the Middle Series of the Carboniferous System, and the Lower Permian System They include the Gufeng Formation, the Longtan Formation, the Bocigou Formation and Beisi Formation, the Damao Formation, and the Songgui Formation. According to the characteristics of ore-bearing rock series and manganese ore layers, it is divided into five subcategories.
are distributed in platform basins or platform trough areas, and the ore-bearing rock systems are It is characterized by impure carbonate rocks rich in siliceous, argillaceous, and siliceous rock sections or interlayers; manganese ore layers are mainly produced in the argillaceous and siliceous limestone sections of ore-bearing rock series, in the form of layers. Shape, layer-like, lens-like; hundreds of meters to thousands of meters long, one to several meters thick; the ore has a micrite structure, nodular, bean-shaped, micro-layered structure; ore types include rhodochrosite type, rhodochrosite type - Manganese calcite type, manganese calcite type; in some deposits, manganese silicate-rhodochrosite type appears locally; the main gangue minerals are quartz, chalcedony, and calcite; most of them are acidic ores; secondary oxidation develops in the shallow parts of the mineral deposits The size of the deposits is mostly medium or large.
The ore-bearing rock series or ore-bearing rock sections are black carbonaceous shale and clay rock with horizontal bedding Or lineation; the ore body is layered, layer-like, or lenticular, hundreds to thousands of meters long, and one to several meters thick; the ore has a micrite structure, a spherulite structure, and a small amount of oolitic structure, in the form of blocks and strips -like structure; the most common ore type is rhodochrosite type, followed by calcium rhodochrosite-manganese calcite type, manganese calcite type; gangue minerals are mainly aurite, calcite and adhesive minerals, often accompanied by scattered pyrite ; Mainly acidic ores; secondary oxidation zones develop to varying degrees in the near-surface part; the size of the deposits is mostly large and medium.
The ore-bearing rock series is variegated silty shale and siltstone, often mixed with mud. Limestone, limestone; the ore body is often mirror-shaped, and may have several layers of ore; the ore has fine-grained aggregates, oolitic, and pellet-like structures, striped new poems, and massive structures; primary ores include manganese oxide types and carbonic acid Manganese type, manganese oxide type is mainly hydromanganite type, manganese carbonate type includes rhodochrosite type, calcium rhodochrosite-manganese calcite type; gangue minerals are mainly quartz, chalcedony or calcite; ores are acidic ores, and some are Autogenous or alkaline; there are oxidized ores with varying degrees of development near the surface; the size of the deposit is generally large.
Ore-bearing rock series or ore-bearing rock sections are dolomite and silt Dolomite, dolomitic limestone; the ore bodies are layered, layer-like, and lenticular; the ores include rhodochrosite type, manganese calcite-rhodochrosite type, with grain or cryptocrystal structure, oolitic, bean-shaped, and massive The gangue minerals include quartz, dolomite, and calcite, which are acidic ores; the secondary oxidation zone is dominated by pyrolusite and hydromanganite type ores; the deposits are large, medium, and small in size.
The ore-bearing rock system belongs to the normal marine sedimentary debris after the volcanic eruption period or during the intermittent period of volcanic eruptions. Clastic rock and carbonate rock; mineral deposits occur in clastic rock or at the transition from clastic rock to carbonate rock; the ore body is layered and layer-like, several meters thick and up to several thousand meters long. The scale of the deposit Medium size; the ore is in the form of grains, pellets, blocks, strips, and veins; it is mainly rhodochrosite-type ore, containing brown manganese ore and manganese silicate, and has weak galena and sphalerite. Zinc mineralization; gangue minerals are mostly siliceous minerals; they are acidic ores.
are marine facies Sedimentary deposits are formed by metamorphism; the ores have metacrystalline or oolitic structures and are strip-like structures, mainly of the rhodochrosite-brownite, rhodochrosite-black manganese ore type, and generally contain manganese silicates; gangue minerals are removed from In addition to quartz and calcite, there are small amounts of sodium-orthoclase, amphibole, pyroxene, garnet, mica, etc.; the surrounding rocks are mostly phyllite and greenschist, and the size of the deposit is small to medium.
are formed by contact metamorphism or other metamorphism of marine sedimentary deposits; the ore changes It forms sulfur manganese ore - rhodochrosite type or sulfur manganese deposit - manganese dolomite type ore, with metamorphic and spherulite structure, strip structure, and a small amount of manganese silicate; gangue minerals except quartz, calcite, dolomite Outside the stone, a small amount of metamorphic silicate minerals appear; the surrounding rock is slate or greenschist, and the size of the deposit is medium-sized.
Ore deposits are often produced in certain relatively fixed layers and are obviously affected by later transformation. The ore composition is complex and contains iron, lead, zinc and other elements. Most of the ore bodies are produced in a lens shape, and their occurrence is similar to that of the surrounding rock excavation, but is not completely integrated. The wall rock alteration includes dolomitization and iron-manganese carbonation. The ores include galena-rhodochrosite type, manganite-magnetite type and sphalerite-manganese siderite type. They are granular, pellet-like structures, massive, disseminated, and vein-like structures; secondary oxidation zones After the manganese is significantly enriched, there are pyrolusite-duromanganite type manganese ore and pyrolusite, duromanganite-limonite type iron-manganese ore. Lead-zinc minerals include cerussite, lead-vanadium, etc. in the semi-oxidized zone, and lead durganite, black zinc-manganese minerals in the oxidized zone.
It is a primary sedimentary manganese-bearing rock layer, which has been transformed into a secondary manganese-bearing rock layer. Enriched to form ore deposits with industrial value; the deposits maintain the original appearance of manganese-bearing rock formations, extending for a long time along the strike, and extending along the dip. The depth is controlled by the development depth of the oxidation zone, which can range from several meters to tens of meters, and in some cases hundreds of meters; When the manganese-bearing rock layer occurs gently and occurs in a large area in the oxidation zone, the ore body will extend greatly. The ore is mainly composed of various secondary manganese oxides and hydroxides, with secondary structure and structure; ore deposits Most of them are small and medium-sized.
It is often produced in the weathered zone of the strata produced by layer-bound manganese deposits. The ore bodies are lens-shaped and vein-shaped. , cystic; the ore is composed of various secondary manganese oxides and hydroxides. Common lead durganite, black zinc manganese ore, hydrozinc manganese ore, and black silver manganese ore often contain high lead and zinc, and have secondary structures. Structure; The size of the deposits is mostly medium or small.
Manganese ore is often produced in the structural fracture zones, interlayer stripping zones, fissures, and caves of manganese-bearing sedimentary rocks. It is the movement of manganese in groundwater. It is formed by being dissolved and carried to a suitable location for accumulation. The ore body is vein-shaped, lens-shaped, and cyst-shaped. The ore is mainly composed of secondary manganese oxide and manganese hydroxide minerals. It has the shape of colloidal, reticulum, and cavity. It has an earthy structure and the size of the deposits is mostly medium or small.
It is formed by secondary oxidation enrichment, crushing, short-distance transportation and accumulation of manganese-bearing rock layers or manganese ore layers; the ore is composed of various It consists of secondary oxides and hydroxides of manganese, which are brecciated, subbrecciated, and bean-shaped, and are accumulated in loose sandy soil; the ore body is layered, layer-like, and occurs on the ground The slope is basically the same, controlled by the exposure of the manganese-bearing layer and the landform; the size of the deposits is mostly medium or small.
The above is an introduction to the main types of common manganese ore deposits. We will also carry content on the global development status of manganese ore later, so stay tuned!
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