Gold tailings gravity separation method

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In the process of gold beneficiation, a large amount of gold tailings will be produced. However, due to the backward technology in the early stage, some useful gold will be discharged with the tailings, and these gold still have recoverable value. Recycling through reasonable process methods can not only improve resource utilization, but also reduce environmental pollution. Gold tailings gravity separation process is an effective recovery method.

In the gold tailings beneficiation operation, gravity separation is usually used as a pretreatment process and combined with other beneficiation methods (such as flotation, cyanidation, etc.) to improve the comprehensive recovery rate of gold. For example, for the coarse-grained gold in the gold tailings, it can be recovered by gravity separation first, and then the fine-grained and micro-fine-grained gold can be further treated by flotation or cyanidation. At present, the commonly used gold tailings gravity separation processes include: jigging gravity separation, shaking table gravity separation, chute gravity separation and centrifuge gravity separation.

1. Jigging gravity separation of gold tailings

Jigging separation is a method of separation according to density differences in a vertical variable speed medium flow. It is suitable for processing coarse and medium-sized gold tailings, and has a better separation effect on minerals with large density differences. Its characteristics are simple equipment structure, easy operation and large processing capacity. However, the recovery effect for fine particles is relatively poor.

2. Shaking table beneficiation and gravity separation of gold tailings

Shaking table beneficiation is a process on an inclined bed surface, through the asymmetric reciprocating motion of the bed surface and the flushing effect of thin layer water flow, the minerals are layered and separated according to density. Shaking table is suitable for processing fine-grained gold tailings, especially in the 2-0.037mm particle size range, it has a good sorting effect. Its advantages are high sorting accuracy and the ability to obtain high-grade concentrates, but the processing capacity is relatively small.

3. Chute dressing and re-selection of gold tailings

Chute dressing is a method of beneficiation using water flowing along an inclined surface. Common types include spiral chutes and fan chutes. Spiral chutes are suitable for processing coarser-grained gold tailings, which generally work better in the range of 0.3-0.02mm; fan chutes are suitable for processing finer-grained materials. The characteristics of chute dressing are simple equipment structure and low cost, but the sorting effect is relatively coarse.

4. Centrifugal beneficiation and gravity separation of gold tailings

Centrifugal beneficiation is a process of strengthening gravity separation with the help of centrifugal force. Centrifugal concentrators are suitable for processing fine-grained gold tailings, especially in the range of 0.074-0.01mm. Its characteristics are large processing capacity and low recovery particle size limit, but high equipment investment.

There are many methods for gold tailings gravity separation, each of which has its own characteristics and scope of application. Gravity separation technology has the characteristics and advantages of environmental protection, energy saving, low cost and strong adaptability. In practical applications, appropriate gravity separation methods should be selected or used in combination with other processes according to the properties and specific requirements of gold tailings to achieve efficient recovery and comprehensive utilization of gold tailings.