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Click to add WeChatImpact placer gold mainly refers to the gold formed by the separation of gold and quartz veins caused by the erosion of river water in the mountain. Because this type of gold ore is as fine as sand, it is called placer gold. Since gold is in a free state in placer gold ore, and the specific gravity difference between gold and sand and stone is very obvious, gravity separation method is an ideal method to extract gold from placer ore.
Placer gold ore beneficiation process The principle is to first use gravity separation method to recover gold and its associated heavy minerals from the original ore as much as possible. The lower limit of the particle size of gold that can be recovered by gravity separation method is generally 0.01mm. In production practice, the process flow of gold placer beneficiation generally includes crushing and screening, and re-selection.
Many gold placers contain cemented mud lumps, some of which are larger than 100mm in size, and sometimes even cemented on gravel or pebbles. If not crushed in time, these mud lumps will be discharged with the waste rock during the screening process, resulting in gold loss.
Screening can remove 20-40% of the waste rock (gravel, pebbles), and is an indispensable operation in the gold placer beneficiation process. Among them, the determination of screening parameters must be determined based on the particle size composition of gold in the original ore sand. According to the washability of the ore, plane vibrating screen, cylindrical screen, belt screen scrubber, hydraulic ore washing bed and other equipment can generally be used for screening operations.
Due to the different particle size composition of gold in placer gold ore, the effective particle size limits of various re-selection equipment for processing materials are also different. Usually, the placer gold ore beneficiation equipment mostly uses jigs as placer gold ore roughing equipment, and shaking tables as concentrating equipment for jig rough concentrate; while some low-grade placer gold ore beneficiation uses chutes as roughing equipment, jigs as scavenging equipment, and shaking tables as concentrating equipment. Therefore, the reasonable placer gold ore beneficiation process is mostly the joint operation of several re-selection equipment.
The main equipment for jigging for gold selection is a jigging machine, which mixes mineral particles of different specific gravities and separates them into layers according to their specific gravities in a vertically moving variable speed medium flow. Minerals with small specific gravities are located in the upper layer, and minerals with large specific gravities are located in the lower layer. The separated materials are then discharged separately by the action of machinery and water flow.
The jig is suitable for sorting coarse mineral particles (mineral raw materials of any particle size except fine materials). The beneficiation particle size range of metal minerals is 0.074-50mm. For placer gold beneficiation, the lower limit particle size can reach 0.04mm under the premise of specific gravity difference ≥1.25 and ore monomer dissociation. The process operation is simple, the equipment processing capacity is large, and the application effect in rough gold ore is very good.
The main equipment for shaking table gold selection is shaking table, which is a device for sorting in inclined medium flow. The transmission mechanism drives the bed surface to make longitudinal reciprocating motion, and makes the flow and bed surface differential motion. The ore particles undergo stratification perpendicular to the bed surface and separation parallel to the bed surface during the reciprocating motion, so that materials of different particle sizes are discharged from different intervals of the bed surface to achieve sorting.
Shaking table gold selection is suitable for processing and sorting minerals with finer particle sizes. It can be divided into three types according to the particle size of the ore: coarse sand bed, fine sand bed and ore mud bed. Among them, the coarse sand bed is suitable for sorting ore particles with a particle size of 0.5-2.0mm, the fine sand bed is suitable for processing ore particles with a particle size range of 0.074-0.5mm, and the ore mud bed is suitable for processing ore particles with a particle size of 0.037-0.074mm.
The feed particle size range of the shaking table gold selection is generally between 0.019-3mm. The gold selection is stable and reliable, the distribution of the ore belt is clearly visible, the rich ore is higher than other ore selection methods, it is easy to manage, and the required ore can be selected at one time.
The gold selection chute is a device that uses inclined water flow for sorting. With the combined force of water flow, mineral gravity, and friction between ore particles and the bottom of the trough, the ore particles are settled in different areas in the trough according to their specific gravity. The ore particles with small specific gravity are taken away by the water flow, leaving the ore particles with large specific gravity, and the sorting is completed.
In actual production, the configuration of the placer gold beneficiation method and placer gold beneficiation equipment needs to be determined according to the specific ore properties and characteristics. Not all placer gold beneficiation plants can achieve ideal separation results by using the same beneficiation method and beneficiation equipment. It is recommended to conduct beneficiation tests first, and then formulate reasonable placer gold beneficiation methods and tailor-made placer gold beneficiation equipment.
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