Wechat QR code
Wechat QR code
15311826613
Click to add WeChatFeldspar is a non-metallic mineral resource mainly composed of potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar and calcium feldspar, which is widely used in ceramics, glass, chemical industry and other industries. However, feldspar often coexists with other minerals and is often accompanied by various impurities. It is necessary to improve the purity of feldspar by mineral processing and impurity removal for use in the industry. This article focuses on the feldspar flotation method.
The flotation method utilizes the difference in the physical and chemical properties of the mineral surface. By adding flotation agents, the surface of the target mineral is hydrophobic, attached to the bubbles and floated to the surface of the pulp, thereby separating it from other minerals. In feldspar flotation, the main purpose is to separate feldspar from impurities such as quartz and mica.
The HF method, also known as the hydrofluoric acid method, is a feldspar flotation method that was widely used in the early days. In this method, hydrofluoric acid is used as an adjuster to effectively change the properties of the mineral surface. It can dissolve the oxide film on the surface of feldspar and quartz, making the surface of feldspar more favorable for cationic collectors, while inhibiting the flotation of quartz. Commonly used cationic collectors are amine compounds. Under acidic conditions (pH value is generally 2-3), amine collectors can selectively adsorb on the surface of feldspar, making it float and separate from impurities such as quartz. However, hydrofluoric acid is highly corrosive and toxic, which is harmful to the environment, and strict protective measures are required during the production process, which increases production costs and environmental pressure.
With the increasing environmental protection requirements, the fluorine-free acid method has gradually attracted attention. This method uses inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid as an adjuster to adjust the pH value of the slurry to the acidic range (usually pH = 2-3). Under such acidic conditions, the separation of feldspar and impurities such as quartz is achieved by adding specific collectors and adjusters, such as cationic amine collectors and aluminum sulfate. Compared with the HF method, the fluorine-free acid method avoids the use of hydrofluoric acid and reduces the harm to the environment, but it still requires the use of a large amount of inorganic acid, which has a certain corrosive effect on the equipment, and the wastewater treatment is more difficult.
The fluorine-free and acid-free method is a more environmentally friendly feldspar flotation method. This method uses special chelating agents or amphoteric collectors to separate feldspar from impurities under neutral or weakly alkaline conditions. These special agents can selectively react with metal ions on the surface of feldspar to form a complex or adsorb them, making the surface of feldspar hydrophobic and floating. For example, some organic agents containing functional groups such as carboxyl and sulfonic acid groups can show good selective collection performance for feldspar under appropriate conditions. The fluorine-free and acid-free method not only avoids the use of acid and fluorine, reduces environmental pollution, but also reduces equipment corrosion and wastewater treatment costs, and has broad application prospects.
Flotation technology occupies a core position in feldspar beneficiation. Different flotation methods and process flows can be selected according to the properties of the ore and product requirements. Generally, a closed-circuit flotation process of "one coarse, multiple fine, multiple sweeping" is adopted to improve the grade and recovery rate of feldspar concentrate. In actual production, it is also necessary to reasonably adjust the type and dosage of flotation reagents and flotation process parameters, such as pulp concentration, flotation time, and aeration volume, according to the type and content of impurities in the ore to achieve the best sorting effect.
The combined beneficiation method is to organically combine multiple single beneficiation methods and give full play to the advantages of each method to improve beneficiation efficiency and product quality. Due to the complex and diverse properties of feldspar ore, a single beneficiation method is often difficult to achieve ideal beneficiation effects. The combined beneficiation method can reasonably select and combine magnetic separation, flotation, gravity separation and other methods according to factors such as the type, content, particle size distribution of impurities in the ore and the embedded characteristics of feldspar to achieve efficient and comprehensive recovery of feldspar ore.
Magnetic separation-flotation combined process: For feldspar ores containing magnetic impurities and non-magnetic impurities such as quartz and mica, a combined magnetic separation-flotation process is often used. First, magnetic impurities such as iron minerals in the ore are removed by magnetic separation to reduce their consumption and interference with flotation reagents. Then, the products after magnetic separation are flotated to separate feldspar from these impurities based on the difference in surface properties between feldspar and impurities such as quartz and mica under the action of flotation reagents. This combined process can effectively improve the purity and recovery rate of feldspar concentrate.
Gravity separation-magnetic separation-flotation combined process: For complex feldspar ores containing heavy mineral impurities, magnetic impurities, and fine-grained impurities such as quartz and mica in coarse-grained ores, a gravity separation-magnetic separation-flotation combined process can be used. First, the coarse-grained heavy mineral impurities are discarded by gravity separation to improve the grade of the selected ore; then the gravity separation concentrate is subjected to magnetic separation to remove magnetic impurities; finally, the magnetic separation product is subjected to flotation separation to further separate feldspar from fine-grained impurities such as quartz and mica. This combined process can give full play to the respective advantages of gravity separation, magnetic separation and flotation, adapt to the beneficiation needs of complex ores, and improve beneficiation indicators.
Compared with a single beneficiation method, the combined beneficiation process has obvious advantages. It can more comprehensively remove various impurities in feldspar ore, improve the quality of feldspar concentrate, and meet the strict requirements of different industries for feldspar products. At the same time, the combined beneficiation process can also improve resource utilization, reduce tailings discharge, reduce production costs, and have good economic and environmental benefits. In actual production, the application of combined beneficiation technology is becoming more and more extensive, and it has become the mainstream development direction of feldspar beneficiation.
CHAT
MESSAGE
Consult
Message
