Flotation process of lead-zinc ore

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Useful minerals in lead-zinc ores are usually fine-grained or irregularly distributed with low grade. Through the beneficiation process, these useful minerals can be enriched from the original ore, the grade of the concentrate can be improved, and qualified raw materials can be provided for the subsequent smelting process. Flotation technology is one of the commonly used beneficiation methods for lead-zinc ores, but the flotation technology varies for different types of lead-zinc ores. The following will introduce you to a lead-zinc ore flotation process process. According to the performance of the beneficiation equipment, the flotation beneficiation process of lead-zinc ore can be divided into several stages, including crushing, grinding, flotation (lead, zinc and copper selection), and dehydration.

1. Lead-zinc ore crushing process

Generally, the lead-zinc ore crushing stage often adopts the two-stage closed-circuit crushing process. After the first stage of coarse crushing, the lead-zinc ore is transported to the secondary crushing operation by a belt conveyor for fine crushing. After the two stages of crushing, the raw ore reaches a suitable particle size and is sent to the ore bin for temporary storage as the raw material for the grinding stage.

2. Lead-zinc ore grinding process

The lead-zinc ore grinding process often adopts a closed-circuit grinding and classification process. The ore in the ore bin is sent to the ball mill through the feeder under the average swing of the swing feeder for wet ball milling. The ore and the steel balls in the ball mill cylinder continuously hit and grind each other, and then are discharged from the ball mill to form slurry. The slurry passes through the grading equipment and sends the slurry with qualified grinding particle size to the next step, and the unqualified coarse particles will be returned to the ball mill for re-grinding.

3. Lead-zinc ore flotation process

The lead-zinc ore flotation process generally uses priority flotation, first floats lead, then floats zinc, and then floats copper minerals, and separate lead concentrate, zinc concentrate, and copper concentrate can be separated.

Lead flotation: The ground slurry is mixed and stirred in a mixing barrel and enters the primary operation section - lead selection. After the slurry interacts with the flotation agent, mineralized foam will be formed in the flotation machine. At this time, the lead ore will be separated from the gangue minerals and the suppressed zinc and copper ores. After flotation separation, lead concentrate can be obtained, and one roughing, two fines and three sweeping operations can be adopted.

Zinc flotation:After the above lead selection operation, the pulp enters the mixer for zinc flotation. Before flotation, the suppressed zinc is activated, and then the collector and frother are added, and the pulp will form zinc mineralization foam in the flotation machine. Then qualified zinc concentrate can be floated out. Zinc flotation operation can adopt one roughing, three fines and three sweeping operations.

Copper flotation:After the zinc selection operation, the pulp enters the mixing barrel for copper flotation operation. Similar to the zinc selection operation, the suppressed copper is activated and then the collector and frother are added to form copper mineralization foam in the flotation tank, and qualified copper concentrate is floated out. The copper selection operation can be separated by one roughing, three fines and three sweeping flotation process.

4. Lead-zinc ore tailings treatment process

After the three-stage flotation operation of lead, zinc and copper to select a variety of metal concentrates, the discharged tailings will be sent to the tailings dam for storage for further comprehensive utilization. The lead concentrate, zinc concentrate and copper concentrate will be sent to their respective concentrate pools, and after being bagged, they will be sent to the smelter for the next step of processing, or exported as products. The wastewater from the ore dressing will be recycled after precipitation.

The above is an explanation of the operations at each stage of the lead-zinc ore flotation process. According to the actual needs of the ore dressing plant and the characteristics of the original ore products, the process needs to be changed and optimized. Xinhai recommends that you conduct ore dressing tests, and then customize the appropriate lead-zinc ore dressing process and a complete set of lead-zinc ore dressing equipment to improve the overall economic, production and environmental benefits of the dressing plant.