Lead-zinc sulfide ore flotation process

1. Priority flotation process

Priority flotation of lead-zinc ore mostly adopts the method of first suppressing zinc and floating lead, and then activating zinc to obtain the final lead concentrate and zinc concentrate. After grinding the minerals to the particle size requirements, use a strong collector to flotate the lead with high alkalinity, add excess lime and xanthate, and suppress the newly dissociated pyrite under the condition that the pH value of the slurry is >12. The surface of the dissociated galena is protected with xanthate, and then priority flotation is used to recover lead; copper sulfate is used to activate the flotation tailings, and the zinc sulfide coarse concentrate is recovered with butyl xanthate, and is refined under high-alkali conditions. The coarse concentrate is selected to obtain zinc concentrate; the floating zinc tailings are thickened and then activated with sulfuric acid, and xanthate is used to recover the sulfur concentrate.

The lead-zinc ore preferential flotation process is mainly suitable for separating ores with simple composition, high lead and zinc grades in raw ores, large differences in the flotability of lead-zinc minerals, and lead with coarser particle sizes. Zinc ore.

2. Mixed flotation process

Mixed flotation lead-zinc ore first mixes and flotates lead and zinc, and then separates lead and zinc. Without adjusting the pH value of the slurry, xanthate or black drug is used as a collector, and the lead sulfide ore and part of the zinc sulfide ore are flotated at the same time to obtain a lead-zinc mixed concentrate. The tailings in the flotation process are activated with copper sulfate, and mixed flotation is performed using xanthate as a collector to obtain a mixed concentrate of zinc and sulfur. Then lime and cyanide are used for flotation separation to obtain a zinc concentrate. and sulfur concentrates.

The lead-zinc sulfide ore mixed flotation process is suitable for processing lead-zinc ores with small flotability differences, low grades, and useful minerals in aggregates or dense symbiosis.

3. The flotation process

The flotation lead-zinc ore is to first sort out the lead and zinc sulfides with similar floatability, and then separate the lead and zinc. . In the roughing stage, there is no need to add inhibitors, so that lead, lead-zinc conjoined bodies and some easily floating zinc ores can be separated. The selected products can be separated from lead and zinc after regrinding to obtain lead concentrate and zinc concentrate.

Floatability such as lead-zinc sulfide ore is mainly used to process lead-zinc minerals that contain easy-to-float and difficult-to-float parts.

4. Asynchronous flotation process

Asynchronous flotation of lead sulfide zinc ore is different from waiting for the flotation to complete the flotation of lead at one time. It also allows the flotation of lead with comparable floatability. Zinc and sulfur float at the same time. Asynchronous flotation is to create suitable flotation conditions for galena and sphalerite in different operations step by step, and float lead and zinc at the same time.

Asynchronous flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore is suitable for processing fine-grained lead-zinc ore.

5. Potential-controlled flotation process

Potential-controlled flotation of lead-zinc ore controls the slurry system by changing the electrochemical conditions of the flotation system during the flotation process. The process and even direction of the oxidation-reduction reaction on the surface of sulfide minerals affects the surface state of sulfide minerals and the product form and stability of collectors on the surface of sulfide minerals, increasing the hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties of sulfide mineral surfaces, thereby achieving sulfide mineral selectivity Flotation separation. By adding the entire amount of lime and the combined inhibitor zinc sulfate + sodium sulfite into the ball mill, the selective flotation separation operation of galena, sphalerite and pyrite is completed in a highly alkaline slurry environment and low oxidation potential.

The potential controlled flotation process of lead-zinc sulfide ore is suitable for the separation of low-grade lead-zinc sulfide ore.