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Most limonite exists in the form of 2Fe2O3.3H2O, and its appearance is yellow-brown, dark brown to Brown-black, weak to medium magnetism, mostly containing a large amount of slime, it is a difficult-to-select iron ore. According to the classification of mineral processing stages, there are pre-selection, separation and dehydration parts. Then the conventional limonite mineral processing equipment will be introduced according to this classification.
The pre-selection stage of limonite mainly includes crushing and screening, grinding and classification, and pre-desliming.
Ore crushing and screening: According to the nature of the ore, the two-stage crushing process is often used, and the three-stage crushing process is occasionally used. , during the process, the materials are fed into the first-stage crusher for primary crushing, and the crushed products are subjected to primary screening. The materials above the screen are returned to the first-stage crusher for further crushing, and the materials below the screen are fed into the second-stage crusher by the belt conveyor for fine crushing to obtain qualified minerals. Go to the next link.
Grinding and grading: The grinding and grading operation is a step that further crushes the ore particles after crushing and screening to fully separate them into monomers. This step is also based on the ore. Depending on the nature and mineral processing requirements, two-stage grinding, three-stage grinding or stage grinding process can be adopted. When the qualified materials after crushing and screening are fed into the ball mill by the feeder for preliminary grinding, the minerals are fed into the classification equipment for classification. The qualified products are ground in the second stage, and the unqualified materials are returned to the ball mill in the first stage for re-grinding. And so on.
Desliming pretreatment: Before mineral processing, if the limonite contains a large amount of mud, it needs to be deslimed. Generally, a stone washing machine can be used for desliming to improve the Subsequent beneficiation concentrate grade.
The limonite pre-selection equipment mainly includes crushers, screens, ball mills, classifiers, stone washers and some auxiliary equipment.
Crusher:Usually the jaw type is used for first-stage crushing The crusher performs coarse crushing, and the second and third stages often use a cone crusher for fine crushing;
Screening machine:According to the required screening particle size requirements, there are circular vibrating screens and linear vibrating screens. There are several types of screens and automatic center vibrating screens, among which the circular vibrating screen is suitable for coarse screening or classification, the linear screen is suitable for desliming or fine screening, and the self-centering screen is suitable for fine screening.
Ball mill: There are two types: grid type and overflow type. The former is suitable for one-stage coarse grinding, and the latter is suitable for two- and three-stage fine grinding.
Classifier: There are two types of equipment: cyclone and spiral classifier. The former is used in conjunction with the overflow ball mill for fine grinding and classification; the latter is used with the grid type ball mill for fine grinding and classification. Rough grinding and grading.
Stone washing machine: There is a conventional stone washing machine or a linear screen for desliming.
Auxiliary equipment: Commonly used feeders and belt conveyors.
According to the limonite mineralization conditions and limonite ore composition, gravity separation, magnetic separation, and flotation can be used and combined mineral processing technology for separation.
Gravity separation is generally suitable for processing coarse-grained limonite ore, including washing, jigging and heavy media beneficiation, targeting fine-grained For minerals, spiral beneficiation and shaking table beneficiation can be used. However, it is difficult to obtain ideal recovery rate by single gravity separation, and it is usually used in combination with other processes. Limonite gravity separation equipment mainly includes: jig, shaker, spiral classifier, heavy medium cyclone, etc.
Jigger:There are two types: coarse-grained jigger and fine-grained jigger. The former is suitable for a particle size range of 10-30mm, and the latter is suitable for a particle size range of 0-10mm.
Shaking table: Suitable for gravity separation of limonite within 2mm range, but desliming (cyclone) treatment is required before selection.
Spiral chute: Suitable for gravity separation of limonite with a particle size range below 0.6mm and a low mud content in the ore.
Dense medium cyclone: Suitable for gravity separation of limonite with a particle size range of 0.5~100mm.
Limonite is a mineral with weak magnetism, so strong magnetic separation is often used for separation. It is mainly suitable for limonite with a particle size range of -10mm. When performing magnetic separation, the separation effect of finer-grained (-20um iron minerals) minerals is poor, and the separation needs to be completed through a joint beneficiation process. Limonite magnetic separation equipment mainly includes: permanent magnet roller magnetic separator, dry magnetic separator, magnetic drum, wet strong magnetic separator, etc.
Permanent magnet roller magnetic separator: Processing dry separation of each particle size.
Wet strong magnetic separator: When sorting limonite, the magnetic field strength should reach 8×105A/m.
Dry magnetic separator: Suitable for limonite separation with particle size below 30mm.
Magnetic drum: Suitable for dry pre-selection before grinding, the selected particle size is 300mm.
Limonite flotation has two methods: forward flotation and reverse flotation. During flotation, due to the loose particle size of limonite ore, The specific surface area is large, and chemicals are easily consumed during the flotation process, so it is necessary to adopt a multi-stage dosing and multi-stage selection method. Limonite flotation equipment mainly includes two types: mechanical agitation flotation machine and inflatable agitation flotation machine.
Mechanical agitation flotation machine: SF type, JJF type and BF type, Among them, SF type and JJF type are mainly used for roughing and sweeping operations; BF type is mainly used for roughing.
Inflatable agitator flotation machine:XCF type, KYF type and XCF-KYF combination type, among which XCF type and KYF type can be used for roughing and sweeping operations, while the combined type can be used for roughing, sweeping and concentrating operations.
Common limonite combined beneficiation methods mainly include gravity separation-strong magnetic separation, selective flocculation and flotation, flocculation-strong magnetic separation, magnetization roasting-magnetic separation, and flotation-strong magnetic separation. There are several processes of magnetic separation and gravity separation-intense magnetic separation. The specific process plan to choose needs to be determined based on the mineral processing test analysis. In the limonite combined mineral processing method, the commonly used mineral processing equipment is the same as above, and the specific equipment The selection needs to be based on the mineral processing process plan.
Xinhai Mining can conduct mineral processing test analysis for various limonite and customize suitable limonite mineral processing process and mineral processing plant construction plan through analysis. , production and procurement of complete sets of limonite beneficiation equipment. In addition, it can also perform installation and commissioning of beneficiation plant equipment and later project operation management, that is, providing mining industry chain services (EPC+M+O).
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