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Kaolin is a combination of hydrous aluminosilicates composed of various minerals. The main mineral component is kaolinite. Its impurity minerals are mainly quartz, smectite, illite, feldspar and iron. The impurities affect its The main factor of whiteness, and the whiteness of kaolin is the main factor that determines its value, so impurity removal and whitening is the key. At present, kaolin beneficiation processes mainly include magnetic separation, flotation, water washing, acid leaching, and oxidation. The editor below will sort out these kaolin beneficiation processes and commonly used kaolin beneficiation equipment.
The main chromosome in kaolin is iron ore, including iron oxides, siderite, ilmenite, pyrite, tourmaline, Mica, etc., these minerals all have weak magnetism, so kaolin can be removed and purified through magnetic separation, which mainly uses the magnetic differences between minerals to separate them. In this method, the kaolin mineral processing equipment mainly uses high gradient magnetic separator to carry out strong magnetic separation of iron-containing impurities. During the magnetic separation process, its surface can generate a high magnetic field gradient, which can separate micron-level paramagnetic materials, weakly magnetic fine particles in minerals, and even colloidal particles.
In addition to iron, the flotation method can also effectively remove other gangue impurities in kaolin and has adsorption There are two processes: flotation and double-liquid flotation. Among them, adsorption flotation mainly adsorbs and removes iron impurities in kaolin. The adsorption carrier can not only adsorb iron, but also has various functions such as absorption, agglomeration, entrapment, and crystal mixing. Double-liquid flotation uses fatty acids as collectors. The organic liquid and kaolin suspended double-layer liquid are formed by the flotation machine, and then separated by gravity separation. The mechanical stirring intensity of the two-liquid flotation method is difficult to control, and has a great impact on the separation index of the two-liquid flotation. Moreover, this This method requires a large amount of organic solutions, which are not easy to recover.
In this method, kaolin mineral processing equipment mainly uses mechanical agitation flotation machines and shaking table equipment. Among them, mechanical agitation flotation machines include SF type, JJF type and BF type.
The method of washing kaolin is mainly to remove quartz, feldspar, mica and other detrital minerals present in the mineral and coarse impurities such as rock debris. The raw kaolin ore is crushed and mixed with water, and the slurry concentration is adjusted to 5% to 10% by using a ramming machine, and then the sand is removed through a rake washing box, a floating tank classifier or a cyclone, and then the continuous slurry is used. Centrifuge, hydrocyclone or vibrating screen will divide it into two particle sizes: coarse and fine. It will be concentrated and precipitated by a concentrator. The upper water of the concentrator will be pumped away for recycling. The kaolin slurry will be filtered and dried in the sun. Obtain kaolin concentrate.
The acid leaching method mainly uses acid solution (hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, etc.) to treat kaolin During the bleaching process, the iron impurities (hematite, siderite, etc.) are converted into soluble compounds by adding acid, and then filtered and washed to remove the iron impurities to achieve the purpose of whitening.
In this method, the kaolin mineral processing equipment is mainly an acid leaching tank.
This method is to oxidize the acid-insoluble iron impurities contained in kaolin into acid-soluble iron salts and ferrous salts, and then rinse and remove the impurities. , this method is mainly used for the whitening effect of kaolin dyed with fine-grained pyrite, but the whitening effect of kaolin with high iron oxide content is not obvious.
In addition to the above 5 kaolin beneficiation processes, there are also reduction methods, microbial oxidation methods, etc. Both of these methods use reducing agents and microorganisms to generate fungi to dissolve iron impurities in kaolin into soluble Iron, then purified by removing iron. In actual beneficiation, if you want to effectively improve the whiteness of kaolin, the selection of kaolin beneficiation process is very important. This needs to be determined based on the kaolin mineralization type and iron occurrence state factors. Therefore, beneficiation tests are needed to design a reasonable kaolin process through experimental analysis. And complete sets of kaolin mineral processing equipment.
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