Lead-zinc ore beneficiation equipment

According to the different ore composition and mineralization conditions of lead-zinc ore, the equipment used in the mineral processing process is also different, but the process flow is basically the same and is divided into several stages: crushing, grinding, separation and dehydration.

Lead-zinc crushing equipment

The crushing stage of lead-zinc ore can generally be divided into two parts: crushing and screening. Its main purpose is to crush large blocks of lead-zinc ore to To a certain extent, to achieve preliminary dissociation between minerals. This stage mostly adopts a two-stage closed-circuit crushing process. The raw ore is fed into the first-stage crusher through the feeder for coarse crushing. The crushed products are sent to the circular vibrating screen by the No. 1 belt conveyor for screening. The materials on the screen are unqualified materials and need to be passed through The No. 2 belt conveyor is sent to the second-stage crusher for further crushing. During the transportation process, electromagnetic iron removers and metal detection equipment will be installed to remove magnetic impurities in the minerals in advance, while the undersized materials are sent to the fine ore bin for storage by the No. 3 conveyor. Preparations have been made for subsequent grinding operations.

The main equipment used in this stage is: feeder, jaw crusher, cone crusher, circular vibrating screen and belt conveyor.

Feeder: According to the process design, there are several options: trough feeder, electromagnetic vibration feeder and swing feeder;

Jaw crusher:performs one stage of coarse crushing;

Cone crusher:performs two stages of medium or fine crushing;

Circular vibrating screen:According to the different screening particle size, you can choose single-layer screen or double-layer screen;

Electromagnetic iron remover:Advance Remove iron-containing impurities present in lead-zinc ores;

Metal detector:Used to detect iron-containing impurities in conveyor belts;

Belt conveyor:The loose density of the conveyable materials should be 2.5t/m3.

Lead-zinc grinding equipment

The grinding stage can be divided into two parts: grinding and classification. Its main purpose is to further achieve monomer dissociation of the crushed minerals to achieve Additional requirements are optional. Depending on the mineral properties, the selected grinding process is also different. There are one-stage grinding process and multi-stage grinding process (including tailings regrinding and concentrate regrinding).

When there is an uncomplicated symbiotic relationship between lead-zinc ore and gangue minerals and the coarse-grained minerals are unevenly dispersed, a grinding process can be selected; for lead-zinc sulfide ore, if the useful minerals and When there is a complex symbiotic relationship between gangue minerals or the useful minerals are unevenly distributed, a multi-stage grinding process (usually a two-stage grinding process) needs to be selected. This process can fully dissociate the coarse-grained useful minerals.

Take the two-stage regrinding process as an example. The process is as follows: the crushed ore is sent to the first-stage ball mill by a belt conveyor for grinding. After grinding, the material enters the linear vibrating screen for desliming, and the material above the screen is returned to the first-stage ball mill. For re-grinding, the underflow is pumped to a hydrocyclone for classification. The underflow is returned to the first-stage ball mill for re-grinding, and the overflow is sent to the second-stage ball mill for grinding. Hydrocyclones are also used for classification (helix can also be selected based on mineral processing conditions). Classifier) for classification, the underflow returns to the two-stage ball mill for re-grinding, and the overflow enters the sorting stage.

The main equipment used in this stage is: grid ball mill, overflow ball mill, hydrocyclone group, linear vibrating screen and slurry pump.

Grid type ball mill: It is often used for coarse grinding in one stage grinding operation, grinding to -0.074mm60.00%~65.00%;

Overflow ball mill:Used for fine grinding in the second stage grinding operation, grinding to more than -0.074mm85%;

Hydrocyclone group:Multiple with Used in conjunction with an overflow ball mill for fine particle classification operations;

Linear vibrating screen:The main purpose is to desludge and send fine materials of 20-200 mesh to the linear vibrating screen. Separate the sediment;

Slurry pump: Used to transport slurry materials.

Lead-zinc separation equipment

The separation process of lead-zinc ore is mainly to separate the useful ores and gangue ores in the minerals, obtain useful minerals, and then achieve separation. Among the lead-zinc ore beneficiation methods, flotation is the main method, and two types of direct preferential flotation and mixed flotation are commonly used. Among them, direct preferential flotation is a method of sequentially sorting minerals based on their flotability characteristics; mixed flotation is to first flotate useful minerals together, and then sort the useful minerals to obtain a single concentrate, such as Copper concentrate, lead concentrate and zinc concentrate, etc.

Take mixed flotation as an example. To deal with lean ores where useful minerals are aggregates, a process of one coarse, multiple fines and multiple sweeps is often used. After grinding and classifying, the product is sent to the mixing tank and stirred to ensure that the slurry is fully mixed and then fed into the flotation machine for separation. The lead and zinc mixed ore is first roughed to obtain, and then lead and zinc are selected in sequence. Featured assignments.

Lead selection: Two selection processes are adopted. In the first selection, ZnSO4, lime, terpineol, ethyl sulfide, etc. are added; in the second selection, sodium sulfite, zinc sulfate, Black potion and ethyl sulfide.

Zinc selection: The same two selection processes are used. Lime, xanthate and terpineol are added to the first selection, and no chemicals are added to the second selection.

The main equipment used in this stage is: xcf type flotation machine, kyf type flotation machine, sf type flotation machine, jjf type flotation machine, chemical mixing tank, and high-efficiency mixing tank.

XCF/KYF type flotation machine: The two flotation machines can be used alone or in several groups. They are mostly used for roughing and sweeping in lead and zinc concentrators. beneficiation operation;

SF/JJF flotation machine:The two machines can be used alone or in combination. In lead-zinc ore beneficiation plants, they are generally used for selection, Sweep the job.

Pharmaceutical mixing tank: When using mixed medicaments, you need to use a medicament mixing tank to fully mix different medicaments;

High-efficiency mixing tank: The high-efficiency mixing tank is used for mixing medicine and slurry.

Lead and zinc dehydration equipment

After sorting, the lead, zinc concentrate and tailings are in a wet state and need to be dehydrated. The concentrate is used for processing and the tailings are piled. to the tailings pond. Among them, the dehydration process of lead and zinc concentrates often adopts the dehydration method of concentrator + filter press. The obtained lead and zinc concentrate slurries are pumped into respective concentrators by slurry pumps for dehydration, so that the water content is less than 60%. , and then stored in pump boxes for storage, and then pumped into filter presses for dehydration, ultimately making the water content of lead concentrate and zinc concentrate less than 20%. The dehydration of lead-zinc mine tailings depends on the tailings treatment requirements and can be achieved by using different tailings dry discharge processes.

The main equipment used in this stage is: high-efficiency concentrator, chamber filter press, vacuum filter, dehydration screen and cyclone, etc.

High-efficiency concentrator: Suitable for concentrate/tailings dehydration. An extra stage of dehydration is done in the concentrate and a second stage of dehydration is done in the tailings. The low flow concentration is 60~ 70%;

Chamber filter press/vacuum filter: Can be used for concentrate/tailings dehydration, mostly used in the final stage, when the moisture content of the slurry is lower than 9~12%. High-frequency dehydration screen: mostly used for tailings dehydration, used in three-stage dehydration operations, so that the final moisture content of the tailings is 12~15%;

Hydrocyclone: It is used in a stage of dehydration operation in tailings dehydration, and the low flow moisture content is 40~30%.