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Click to add WeChatMica is a common layered silicate mineral with good electrical insulation and heat resistance. It is widely used in electrical, electronic, building materials and other fields. Due to the particularity of its physical and chemical properties, flotation is usually used to extract mica from ores. At present, the commonly used mica flotation methods include acidic cation flotation, alkaline cation flotation, alkaline anion flotation and combined flotation.
Acidic cation flotation method is to use cationic collectors to float mica under acidic pulp conditions. In an acidic environment, the surface of mica is negatively charged and easily adsorbed by cationic collectors. Commonly used cationic collectors include amine compounds, such as dodecylamine and octadecylamine. The molecular structure of these collectors contains long-chain alkyl groups and positively charged amino groups, which can combine with the negatively charged sites on the surface of mica, making the surface of mica hydrophobic, so that it can be attached to bubbles and floated out of the pulp.
Under acidic conditions, cationic collectors can be specifically adsorbed on the surface of mica, and the adsorption effect on gangue minerals is weak, thereby improving the selectivity of flotation. For mica ores containing more acidic gangue minerals such as quartz, acidic cationic flotation has a better sorting effect. However, the acidic environment has a greater corrosion on the equipment, which affects the service life of the equipment, and the price of cationic collectors is relatively high, and the amount used is large, resulting in an increase in mineral processing costs.
The alkaline anion flotation method is to use anionic collectors to float mica under alkaline pulp conditions. In an alkaline environment, the metal ions on the surface of mica will hydrolyze to form a hydroxylated surface, which can be adsorbed with anionic collectors. Commonly used anionic collectors include fatty acids, sulfonic acids, etc. The molecular structure of these collectors contains anionic groups such as carboxyl and sulfonic acid groups, which can bind to the hydroxylation sites on the mica surface, making the mica surface hydrophobic, thereby achieving flotation. This flotation method has relatively little corrosion to the equipment due to alkaline slurry, which reduces the maintenance cost of the equipment. For some mica ores containing specific gangue minerals, anionic collectors can show good selectivity, but the requirements for water quality in the beneficiation process are high.
Alkaline cationic flotation method is to use cationic collectors to flot mica under alkaline slurry conditions. Unlike the acidic cation flotation method, the alkaline cation flotation method utilizes the surface characteristics of mica under alkaline conditions. The metal ions on the surface of mica will also be hydrolyzed to form a negatively charged hydroxylated surface. At this time, the cationic collector can still adsorb to the mica surface, making the mica surface hydrophobic, thereby achieving flotation. This method combines the advantages of alkaline environment and cationic collector, which not only reduces the corrosion of equipment, but also utilizes the selectivity of cationic collectors for mica. However, under alkaline conditions, the selection of cationic collectors needs to consider multiple factors.
Combined flotation is the use of acidic cations and alkaline anions and cations to separate mica. In the process of combined flotation, it is necessary to strictly control the process parameters of each stage to ensure the connection and coordination between different flotation methods. According to different ore properties and mineral processing requirements, various flotation methods can be flexibly selected and combined to adapt to a wider range. However, the process flow of the combined flotation method is relatively complicated, requiring more equipment and operating steps, which increases investment and operating costs.
The above is an introduction to the common mica flotation method. Usually, mica coexists with other minerals. Due to the differences in the properties of its ore, the selection of mineral processing methods also needs to be based on the properties of the ore. Therefore, it is the main means to effectively obtain the recovery rate to first conduct a ore processing test analysis and design a suitable process according to the actual situation.
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