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Click to add WeChatAntimony is an important metal element, silvery white, with high melting point, high density and good thermal stability. It is widely used in alloys, flame retardants, batteries and semiconductors. However, the properties of antimony minerals are complex and its dressing is difficult. This article mainly introduces the types of antimony ores and the common antimony ore dressing process.
According to geological genesis and mineral combination, antimony ores can be divided into single antimony ores and polymetallic antimony ores. Polymetallic antimony ores include secondary antimony minerals and non-antimony sulfide minerals containing antimony. They can be roughly divided into 6 types, namely single antimony ores, gold-containing antimony ores, oxygen-sulfur mixed antimony ores, tungsten-gold-arsenic antimony ores, tin-lead-zinc-arsenic antimony ores and mercury-containing antimony ores.
Single antimony ore: The content of other metal minerals in the ore is very small. For example, the ore processed by Hunan Tin Mine is mainly antimony ore, with a small amount of pyrite and antimony oxide ore. The gangue is mainly quartz, followed by calcite, barite, kaolin, gypsum, etc.
Gold-containing antimony ore: This type of antimony ore almost all contains arsenic, and exists in the form of arsenopyrite, which is closely associated with gold. Generally, when antimony-arsenic is separated, antimony-gold is also separated. At present, the reserves of this type of ore are not large, so the plant size is also small.
Oxygen-sulfur mixed antimony ore:This type of antimony ore is rare. The mineral does not contain arsenic, but has a high amount of antimony oxide minerals. At present, the only way to recover the oxide ore is by gravity separation. Therefore, the recovery rate is not high, generally<80%.
Tungsten-gold-arsenic antimony ore:This type of antimony ore is rare. In the mineral, in addition to antimony ore, the gold content is also high, which also has recovery value. Tungsten can also be recovered as a by-product.
Tin-lead-zinc-arsenic antimony ore:Antimony in this type of ore appears as brittle sulfur antimony lead ore, antimony tin-lead ore, etc., so the antimony concentrate contains a large amount of lead and cadmium.
Mercury-containing antimony ore:The main minerals of this type of ore are stibnite and cinnabar, and the content of the two minerals is unstable. The upper part of the ore contains high mercury, and the lower part contains high antimony.
Antimony ore dressing process generally has the following five types, namely hand selection-heavy medium selection-flotation, hand selection-gravity selection-flotation (gravity selection), heavy medium selection-gravity selection-flotation (gravity selection), hand selection-flotation, and single flotation method.
Hand selection-heavy medium selection-flotation: The coarse particles of -150~35mm in the original ore are hand-selected to select the lump concentrate and discard the stone; the particles of -35~10mm level are selected by heavy medium selection to discard 43% of the waste stone, and the heavy products are crushed by two stages of idle road and combined with the products of -10~0mm level in the original ore and sent to the ball mill. Then the antimony concentrate is obtained by the flotation process of one coarse three fine three sweep. The grinding fineness of flotation is 54~60%-200 mesh. In the natural PH slurry, a certain amount of xanthate, lead nitrate, pine oil, shale oil, kerosene, etc. are added to float stibnite.
Hand selection-gravity selection-flotation (gravity selection): The coarse grade of -150~28mm in the original ore is hand-selected to select the block concentrate and discard the waste rock. After the -28~16mm grade ore particles are closed-circuit crushed to 16mm, they are combined with the -16~0mm product in the original ore, and then divided into three grades of -16~8mm, -8~2mm, and 2~0mm, and then three-stage jigging is performed to obtain the concentrate. After grinding, the tailings are sent to the second stage jigging treatment, and then the second stage jigging concentrate is obtained. The tailings are dehydrated and ground, and the antimony sulfide concentrate is obtained by the flotation process of one coarse, two fine, and two sweeping. The flotation tailings are recovered by a shaking table.
Heavy medium ore dressing-gravity selection-flotation (gravity selection): The ore is crushed to 20mm through three stages and one closed circuit. The -20~4mm grade particles are discarded with 40~50% of waste rock with heavy medium to obtain mixed concentrate, which is then fed into flotation. The product in the tank is sent to the gravity selection after flotation to obtain tin concentrate. The fine mud of the middling ore in the gravity selection operation before flotation is desulfurized by flotation and then sent to gravity selection to obtain fine mud tin concentrate. The mixed concentrate of sulfide ore is separated by flotation to obtain antimony-lead mixed concentrate, zinc concentrate and pyrite and arsenopyrite mixed concentrate (used as heavy medium). The grinding fineness of flotation is 74%-200 mesh; the flotation reagents are calcium oxide, ammonium persulfate, copper sulfate, butyl xanthate and orange alcohol oil.
Hand selection-flotation: First, large pieces of concentrate are selected by hand selection and some waste rocks are discarded. At the same time, the ore entering the flotation operation is pre-enriched to reduce production costs. After selection, the minerals are fed into the ball mill for grinding, so that the grinding particle size reaches -200 mesh, accounting for 70%-80%. Quantitative flotation reagents are added to the slurry after grinding, and xanthate, No. 2 oil, lime, etc. are floated to finally obtain antimony concentrate.
Single flotation method: This method can be used not only as a single antimony sulfide beneficiation process, but also as a multi-metal antimony beneficiation process. In the flotation process, the commonly used beneficiation collector is butyl xanthate or a mixture of shale oil and ethyl thiourea, and the frother is pine alcohol oil or No. 2 oil for flotation.
The above is an introduction to the types of antimony ore and the antimony ore dressing process. In actual beneficiation plants, due to the complex properties of antimony ore and the different elements contained, it cannot be generalized. Blindly selecting the process should be based on the properties of its own antimony ore. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct beneficiation tests and design suitable antimony ore beneficiation process for it through test analysis.
Xinhai Mining can not only conduct ore dressing tests, but also conduct ore property research, and then design a suitable process. At the same time, it can also customize a complete set of beneficiation equipment according to the process to achieve the benefits of the beneficiation plant while accelerating the construction of the beneficiation plant.
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