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Click to add WeChatPhosphate beneficiation methods can be divided into physical beneficiation and chemical beneficiation. Among them, friction beneficiation, gravity beneficiation, shape beneficiation, magnetic separation, hand selection and electrostatic beneficiation belong to physical beneficiation; while flotation, leaching and roasting belong to chemical beneficiation. This is the common concentration method for phosphate beneficiation. Let's learn about it together!
Flotation is one of the commonly used methods for phosphate beneficiation. Flotation is to selectively adhere minerals to the surface of bubbles with the help of reagents according to the properties of different mineral surfaces, completing part of the mineral selection process. Phosphate ore froth flotation is to grind the mineral into slurry, add appropriate flotation reagents into it, stir it thoroughly and introduce air to produce a large number of bubbles. Hydrophobic mineral particles are easy to adhere to the bubbles, float to the surface of the slurry with the bubbles to form a foam layer, and scrape it out to form a foam product. Hydrophilic mineral particles remain in the slurry. Phosphate ore can obtain good separation effects by using foam flotation. There are two types of flotation: positive flotation and reverse flotation, which can be selected according to actual conditions.
The scrubbing and desludging process is a purely physical method for mineral processing. When the ore is weathered or contains a lot of mud, this method can be used for treatment. This method can also be used for open-pit production. The scrubbing and desludging process is generally set before chemical flotation, mainly for ore pretreatment. This method has the advantages of relatively simple operation process, no addition of any chemical agents in the whole process, and no pollution to the environment. The main process is to remove impurities on the surface of the mineral by water washing, and then screen out high-quality phosphate ore step by step.
Gravity separation process is a process method that utilizes the different densities and properties of various minerals to make them flow in water, air or other relatively dense liquids, presenting different movement speeds, and then separate useful minerals from gangue minerals. Gravity separation process has the advantages of low cost and simple process. However, the final product of gravity separation is still difficult to meet the standard of direct production, so the scrubbing and desludging process can only be used as a pretreatment process for chemical flotation.
The roasting process is to decompose calcium, magnesium and other carbonates in the mineral into carbon dioxide and solid oxides through high-temperature thermal decomposition, and then generate solid precipitation attached to the surface of the ore through other chemical reactions, and then use the scrubbing and desludging process to separate the concentrate, so as to ensure the percentage of P2O5 in the ore. Although the roasting method is simple and easy to operate, it requires high temperature requirements, and the investment in equipment will be relatively high, and the control requirements are also high, so this method is rarely used in the mineral processing industry at present.
Different minerals have different electrical properties and particle conductivity. By using this property, high-voltage electric fields can be used in combination with other force fields to screen ores. It is mainly used in the separation of non-ferrous metals and rare metals. This method has the following advantages: low power consumption, low production cost, good screening effect, high concentrate grade, high recovery rate, etc., and has gradually attracted the attention and attention of mineral processing plants.
Microbial treatment method, combined beneficiation method, selective flocculation method, magnetic cover method, etc. can also be used to select phosphate rock. The microbial treatment method is a method in which the phosphorus element in the phosphate mineral is decomposed by microorganisms to form soluble phosphorus, and then separated. Due to the limitations of biotechnology and the survival ability of microorganisms themselves, this method is temporarily not suitable for large-scale production. The principle of the combined beneficiation process is to combine single beneficiation methods to have different combined methods for different minerals, such as the combination of scrubbing and desludging process and roasting process.
The above content is a brief introduction to the commonly used phosphate ore dressing methods. In actual production, the specific beneficiation process needs to be selected, adjusted and optimized according to the characteristics and properties of the ore. A reasonable phosphate ore dressing process can not only improve the recovery rate and concentrate grade of phosphate ore, but also improve the utilization rate of ore resources and reduce production costs.
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