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Click to add WeChatAs a common non-metallic mineral resource, fluorite is used in metallurgy, building materials, ceramics, glass and other fields. With the continuous development of science and technology, fluorite is gradually used in atomic energy, aerospace, petrochemical, medical and other industries. The following mainly introduces the types of fluorite ore and the processing technology of fluorite ore dressing!
According to the different mineralization conditions of fluorite ore, it can be divided into quartz-fluorite vein deposits in old metamorphic rocks and magmatic rock systems, calcite-fluorite layered deposits in sedimentary rock systems, fluorite-barite vein deposits, polymetallic-fluorite sulfide deposits formed by hydrothermal filling, etc., that is, quartz-type, calcite-type, barite-type and polymetallic paragenetic quartz ore.
Quartz-type fluorite:This type of fluorite is formed by the mineral-bearing hydrothermal fluid filling the cracks of siliceous rocks along the stratum fissures, and then condensing to form a quartz-type fluorite deposit. Fluorite and associated minerals are cemented and filled in the cracks. The deposit is mainly composed of fluorite and quartz, and is also accompanied by a small amount of calcite, pyrite, kaolin, etc.
Calcite-type fluorite:This type of fluorite is formed by the fluorine-containing hydrothermal fluid infiltrating into limestone and undergoing metasomatism. The fluorite in the deposit is distributed in dense blocks, brecciated or impregnated forms, and the associated minerals are calcite, quartz, etc.
Baryte fluorite:This type of fluorite is formed by hydrothermal genesis in the Ordovician carbonate strata. The main minerals in the ore are barite and fluorite, accompanied by a small amount of pyrite, galena, sphalerite and other minerals. Some deposits have a high content of quartz, forming barite-fluorite-quartz deposits.
Polymetallic paragenetic fluorite:This type of fluorite deposit has a complex origin and belongs to a medium-temperature hydrothermal filling deposit. In the deposit, fluorite and quartz are filled in the fragmentation zone together. The associated metal minerals include galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrite and scheelite.
According to the characteristics of fluorite ore, the commonly used method is mainly flotation. Due to the different types of gangue minerals contained in different types of fluorite ores, their flotation processing technology and beneficiation reagents are also different.
Quartz type fluorite ore is divided into coarse-grained and fine-grained according to the characteristics of its useful mineral embedding. Among them, coarse-grained fluorite is easy to be separated, while fine-grained separation is more difficult.
Coarse-grained embedding: High-quality fluorite concentrate can be obtained by using fatty acid collectors. During flotation, oleic acid is used as the collector, sodium carbonate is used as the adjuster, and water glass is used as the quartz depressant. After the one coarse and multiple fine process, high-quality fluorite concentrate is obtained.
Fine-grained embedding: This type of fluorite flotation reagent is the same as the coarse-grained quartz-type fluorite ore, but because the target mineral embedding particle size is finer, it is necessary to strengthen the grinding and improve the monomer dissociation degree of the target mineral. During flotation, oleic acid + oxidized paraffin soap is used as the collector, and high-quality fluorite concentrate is obtained after two-stage grinding, one roughing and multiple concentrating, and the middle ore is concentrated and re-grinded and returned to the process.
Both are calcium salt-containing minerals with similar solubility. In addition, calcite has low hardness and is very easy to be over-grinded and muddy during the grinding process. During the flotation process, fine calcite is easy to mix into the fluorite concentrate, reducing the fluorite concentrate index. If you want to obtain an ideal fluorite concentrate, the choice of reagents is very important.
Usually oleic acid + oxidized paraffin soap is used as a collector, sodium carbonate is used as a pH adjuster (pH=8), water glass + sodium hexametaphosphate (or lignin sulfonate, dextrin, tannic acid, oxalic acid, etc.) is used as an inhibitor, firstly mixed flotation is carried out to obtain calcite fluorite mixed concentrate, and then a variety of combined reagents are used for flotation separation to obtain fluorite concentrate and calcite concentrate respectively.
The barite type fluorite ore dressing process can be divided into two types: suppressing barite flotation fluorite and suppressing fluorite flotation barite. The key to flotation separation of the two is the selection of inhibitors.
Inhibiting barite flotation fluorite: Using sodium oleate as collector and water glass as inhibitor, one coarse and multiple (three times) fine flotation process to obtain barite-fluorite mixed concentrate, and then using aluminum sulfate + water glass + tannin extract as barite inhibitor, one coarse and multiple fine (five times) flotation process to separate fluorite and barite.
Fluorite flotation suppression barite: Use barium chloride to activate barite, sodium hydroxide + sodium silicate to suppress fluorite, first obtain barite by preferential flotation, then use oleic acid as collector, sodium silicate + aluminum sulfate as inhibitor, float fluorite from tailings, and then obtain fluorite concentrate and barite concentrate respectively.
For polymetallic paragenetic fluorite ore dressing, preferential flotation is generally used to select useful minerals in turn, that is, sulfide ore collectors (xanthate, black medicine, etc.) are used to preferentially float out metal sulfide minerals, and then fatty acid collectors (oleic acid, oxidized paraffin soap, etc.) are used to flotate and recover fluorite from the flotation tailings of metal sulfide minerals.
The above mainly introduces the quartz ore ore type and its related dressing and processing process. In the actual dressing process, each fluorite mineral composition is different, and its dressing process also has its own advantages. Therefore, similar processes cannot be blindly selected. According to the dressing test analysis, the appropriate fluorite ore dressing and processing process should be designed according to the actual situation. Xinhai Mining has rich experience in fluorite dressing and has provided mining industry chain services for many fluorite mines to help them complete fluorite ore dressing. If necessary, please consult Xinhai!
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