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Click to add WeChatWith the continuous development of industrial technology, the importance of copper resources has become increasingly obvious. In order to obtain a large amount of fine copper resources and improve the utilization rate of copper ore resources, it is necessary to continuously improve the existing copper ore dressing technology and innovate ore dressing equipment to improve the economic benefits of the ore dressing plant. The ore dressing of copper ore needs to be pre-treated by crushing and grinding, and then enter the separation stage, which is mainly based on flotation. Due to the wide variety of copper ore resources in nature, different copper ores require different flotation technologies and flotation agents. The following will introduce the copper ore treatment process in detail to help you better understand copper ore separation.
Copper ore crushing and grinding should adhere to the principle of "more crushing and less grinding". When determining its process, it should be selected according to the actual situation of the ore dressing plant, and high-efficiency and energy-saving process and equipment should be used first. The use of hydraulic crushers and stage grinding can reduce energy consumption. Since the key to copper ore crushing is to reduce the particle size of the crushed product, the importance of crushing equipment is higher than that of grinding equipment. In the grinding process, most ore dressing plants will use hydrocyclones and ball mills to form a closed circuit, and the grading equipment can also be replaced with spiral classifiers. The use of new high-efficiency and energy-saving equipment can respond to the improvement of the crushing process. In addition, in the crushing process, it is necessary to determine a reasonable crushing ratio and grinding particle size, and appropriately adjust the crushing time, mill speed, grinding medium ratio, etc., and optimize the crushing process in combination with the characteristics of the ore, which can improve the particle size and qualified rate of the crushing product and achieve the effect of reducing energy consumption.
Copper has a wide variety of occurrence states and a relatively complex ore composition. It is generally difficult to recover it using a single flotation process. Therefore, it is necessary to determine a reasonable process flow through detailed mineral processing test analysis to improve the effect of the separation operation and increase the concentrate recovery rate.
Copper sulfide minerals are the main minerals of copper resources, and flotation is its main separation method. In order to improve the copper concentrate taste, recovery rate and reduce production costs, the beneficiation plant will adjust the grinding and flotation process according to the properties of the copper sulfide ore and the characteristics of the embedded particle size. In recent years, with the continuous exploitation of copper resources, the properties of the original ore have gradually changed greatly from the past. The sulfur content in the ore has increased, it is easy to oxidize and the floatability is variable. The use of a single priority or mixed flotation process not only fails to obtain ideal mineral processing indicators but also increases the consumption of reagents. Therefore, in mineral processing production, the copper sulfide beneficiation process should be designed according to the characteristics of the ore.
After the copper mineral is oxidized, the physical and chemical properties, structure and texture of the ore will change accordingly. Since the surface properties of the ore have also changed, the flotation process will become more complicated. For example, it is easy to become muddy during grinding, and some native copper oxide is closely combined with earthy and powdery iron hydroxide, manganese hydroxide, silicate, etc. to form "bound copper", which deteriorates the flotation process of copper. The main method for separating copper oxide is flotation process, which includes sulfide flotation method, direct flotation method with fatty acid collector and flotation method with amine collector.
Sulfide flotation of oxidized copper minerals has good selectivity and has become the most commonly used method for flotation of oxidized copper minerals;
Direct flotation with fatty acid collectors is suitable for flotation of oxides such as malachite with simple gangue and high grade;
Direct flotation with amine collectors is suitable for flotation of oxidized copper minerals containing lead and zinc oxide.
Copper-containing polymetallic ores mainly include copper-lead-zinc ores, copper-zinc ores, copper-molybdenum ores, copper-gold ores, etc. The mineral composition of this type of ore is generally complex, with variable physical and chemical properties, many types of recoverable metal ores, and small differences in floatability between metal minerals, which can easily lead to flotation separation difficulties. The focus of this type of ore separation research is on the separation of copper, lead and zinc. The flotation of copper, lead and zinc complex polymetallic ores mostly adopts copper, lead and zinc sequential flotation or copper and lead mixed flotation.
The above is an introduction to the copper ore dressing process. From the above, it can be seen that the copper ore dressing process should be designed according to the type, composition, structure and timing of the ore dressing plant. Choosing a reasonable and efficient copper ore dressing process can not only reduce production costs, but also improve the recovery rate of copper ore concentrate, resource utilization rate and overall production efficiency of the dressing plant.
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