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Click to add WeChatAt present, there are many types of vein gold ores, mainly including gold-bearing quartz veins or gold-bearing pyrite quartz veins, gold-bearing pyrite altered granite, gold-bearing polymetallic sulfide quartz veins, gold-bearing oxide quartz veins and gold-bearing tungsten-arsenic quartz veins.
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Due to the different properties of the ore, the various types of vein gold ores use different mineral processing technologies. Common vein gold ore beneficiation technologies mainly include single flotation process, full mud cyanidation process, and different combined beneficiation processes consisting of gravity separation, flotation, and cyanidation processes.
Single vein gold flotation process is suitable for processing sulfide gold-bearing quartz vein ores and polymetallic gold-bearing sulfide ores and carbon (graphite) ores with fine gold particles and high floatability.
This vein gold ore beneficiation process first floats gold into copper and lead concentrates, and then extracts gold from these concentrates. It is relatively economical and reasonable for gold ores containing non-ferrous metals in the original ore. It can realize the comprehensive utilization of multiple metals, enrich gold into sulfide minerals as much as possible, and directly discard tailings. However, because it cannot ultimately obtain finished gold, its application range is relatively small, and it often forms a joint process flow with other beneficiation methods.
Gold is produced in quartz vein ore in a fine or micro-particle dispersed state. The ore is deeply oxidized and does not contain copper, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and carbon. This type of vein gold ore is suitable for full mud cyanidation process.
The gold-containing ore is leached in a cyanide solution, and then activated carbon is used to directly adsorb the dissolved gold from the ore pulp. The carbon desorption electrolysis gold mud is directly separated, purified and smelted. In this vein gold ore beneficiation technology, cyanide is a highly toxic substance that is easy to pollute the environment. At present, low-toxic gold leaching agents can be used to replace cyanide agents for cyanide gold extraction.
Generally, the gravity separation-cyanidation combined process is suitable for processing quartz vein gold-containing oxidized ores. In vein gold ore concentrators, gravity separation is often used as part of the combined gold selection process. In the grinding and classification circuit, a jigging machine or spiral chute is used in conjunction with a shaking table to recover the dissociated coarse-grained gold in advance, so as to facilitate the subsequent cyanidation operation and obtain qualified gold concentrate.
In order to improve the return on investment, for vein gold ores of different properties, the combined beneficiation process of flotation process and other processes can sometimes achieve more impressive results.
This vein gold ore dressing technology is often used to process quartz vein gold-bearing ores and quartz pyrite ores where gold and sulfide are closely related. Generally, xanthate is used as a collector, pine oil is used as a frother, and weakly alkaline slurry is floated in a flotation machine to obtain gold concentrate. The flotation concentrate is then leached by cyanidation, the gold is dissolved by cyanide, the complex enters the solution, and then replaced with zinc powder to obtain gold mud, and finally the gold mud is smelted by pyrometallurgy to obtain pure gold.
This vein gold ore beneficiation technology is suitable for treating minerals that are harmful to cyanidation (containing impurities such as sulfur, iron, and arsenic) with good floatability, and a small amount of gold is combined with such minerals. For flotation concentrates with high arsenic and sulfur content, after flotation of cyanide tailings, impurities such as sulfur, iron, and arsenic are enriched in the concentrate to become a high-sulfur and high-arsenic concentrate that is difficult to select. When direct cyanidation leaching is not possible, the flotation gold concentrate can be first oxidized and roasted to remove arsenic and sulfur. In this way, the roasted sand structure after roasting is loose, which is more conducive to the leaching of gold and silver.
The vein gold ore beneficiation technology is mainly based on flotation, which is suitable for ores where gold and sulfide coexist closely and can only be recovered by smelting. It is also suitable for gold-bearing quartz vein ores with coarse and uneven distribution. It will obtain a higher recovery rate than a single flotation process.
The original ore is separated by flotation to obtain flotation concentrate. The sulfide part of the flotation tailings often exists in the form of intergrowth with the gangue. In addition to being wrapped in sulfides with submicroscopic fine particles, gold often exists in the form of coarse and fine monomer gold. The intergrowth of coarse sulfides and gangue in the tailings and the coarse natural gold are difficult to recover by flotation, but gravity separation can better recover this part of gold.
Gold resources are very precious. In order to more reasonably select vein gold ores, it is recommended to conduct mineral processing tests first, comprehensively analyze the properties of the ore, and obtain a scientific mineral processing test report, so as to determine which vein gold ore processing technology to use. After comprehensively considering the actual situation of the gold ore processing plant, investment and other factors, the mineral processing plan is determined to achieve an ideal return on investment.
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